Characterizing the encoding of dynamical olfactory inputs in single olfactory sensory neurons to remote control larval chemotaxis by means of optogenetics

Animals have to deal with an environment presenting vast amounts of ever-changing sensory information. What features of this information flow are captured by the sensory system? My thesis work examines how signals experienced during free olfactory behaviors are processed by first-order olfactory sen...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Author: Schulze, Aljoscha
Format: doctoral thesis
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2015
Country:España
Institution:CBUC, CESCA
Repository:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red
OAI Identifier:oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/482048
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10803/482048
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Neurociencia
Olfato
Electrofisiología
Optogenética
Quimiotaxis
Neuroscience
Olfaction
Electrophysiology
Optogenetics
Chemotaxis
616.8
Description
Summary:Animals have to deal with an environment presenting vast amounts of ever-changing sensory information. What features of this information flow are captured by the sensory system? My thesis work examines how signals experienced during free olfactory behaviors are processed by first-order olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of the Drosophila larva. By combining a novel extracellular recording technique with a microfluidics control system to control odor delivery in time and space, the computational principles underlying the encoding of dynamical odor stimuli were explored in a single OSN. An optogenetic approach was used to explore the OSN coding space and mimic naturalistic odor responses. The results described herein suggest that relative changes of the stimulus and their temporal integration are captured in a single OSN. Finally, larval behavior was characterized in closed-loop virtual odor environments and dissected with respect to the influence of dynamic features of the stimulus. It emerged that the neural activity of a single OSN is firmly correlated with dynamic features, notably the derivative of the stimulus intensity. These findings link the neural activity of single sensory neuron to behavioral transitions. Taken together, the results of this work provide an entry point into the understanding of larval action selection during chemotaxis.