Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark

This paper presents the characterisation of Pedra Cabaleira, a historically significant vernacular building stone from the Courel Mountains UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp), Spain. Pedra Cabaleira presents a noticeable lithological and aesthetic contrast with the predominant lithologies in this UGGp in...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Trigos Luque, Laura, Gómez Heras, Miguel, Vila, Ramón, Ballesteros, Daniel
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Recursos:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/754241
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/754241
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12371-026-01296-5
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Building stone
Built heritage
Stone decay
Petrophysical characterization
Petrography
Heritage Stone
Geología
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spelling Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global GeoparkTrigos Luque, LauraGómez Heras, MiguelVila, RamónBallesteros, DanielBuilding stoneBuilt heritageStone decayPetrophysical characterizationPetrographyHeritage StoneGeologíaThis paper presents the characterisation of Pedra Cabaleira, a historically significant vernacular building stone from the Courel Mountains UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp), Spain. Pedra Cabaleira presents a noticeable lithological and aesthetic contrast with the predominant lithologies in this UGGp in northwestern Spain. This stone has been historically used in religious and military buildings associated with the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. This research aims to characterize the mineralogical, petrographic, and petrophysical properties of the stone to contribute to its valorisation as a significant vernacular building material in the context of the Courel Mountains UGGp. Field surveys identified three main lithotypes: a conglomerate (PC-1), a breccia (PC-2), and sandstone beds with intercalated clay-rich layers (PC-3). Analytical techniques included X-ray diffraction, optical petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry, hydric properties, mechanical strength, and salt weathering tests, which revealed significant variations among these lithotypes. The results indicate that the conglomerate and the sandstone beds show the most favourable parameters for construction, with lower microporosity, higher strength, and better durability, while the clay-rich layers within the sandstone show weaker mechanical performance and higher susceptibility to weathering. The study highlights the interplay between geological heritage and built heritage, demonstrating the importance of locally sourced building materials in sustaining historical structures and promoting geotourism in the Courel Mountains UGGp and the potential of this stone to become a Heritage StoneThe research leading to these results received funding from a research contract funded by Courel Mountains UGGp, within the framework of the agreement signed by the Provincial Government of Lugo, TEC-Heritage-CM programme (TEC 2024/TEC-39) from the Regional Government of Madrid (Spain) and CIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, grant numbers PID2020-116896RBC21 and PID2020-116896RBC22SpringerDepartamento de Geología y GeoquímicaFacultad de CienciasGobierno de España20262026-03-07research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/10486/754241https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12371-026-01296-5reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMinstname:Universidad Autónoma de MadridInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/7542412026-06-23T12:46:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
title Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
spellingShingle Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
Trigos Luque, Laura
Building stone
Built heritage
Stone decay
Petrophysical characterization
Petrography
Heritage Stone
Geología
title_short Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
title_full Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
title_fullStr Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
title_full_unstemmed Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
title_sort Pedra Cabaleira: Characterisation of a vernacular building stone from the Courel mountains UNESCO Global Geopark
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Trigos Luque, Laura
Gómez Heras, Miguel
Vila, Ramón
Ballesteros, Daniel
author Trigos Luque, Laura
author_facet Trigos Luque, Laura
Gómez Heras, Miguel
Vila, Ramón
Ballesteros, Daniel
author_role author
author2 Gómez Heras, Miguel
Vila, Ramón
Ballesteros, Daniel
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica
Facultad de Ciencias
Gobierno de España
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Building stone
Built heritage
Stone decay
Petrophysical characterization
Petrography
Heritage Stone
Geología
topic Building stone
Built heritage
Stone decay
Petrophysical characterization
Petrography
Heritage Stone
Geología
description This paper presents the characterisation of Pedra Cabaleira, a historically significant vernacular building stone from the Courel Mountains UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp), Spain. Pedra Cabaleira presents a noticeable lithological and aesthetic contrast with the predominant lithologies in this UGGp in northwestern Spain. This stone has been historically used in religious and military buildings associated with the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. This research aims to characterize the mineralogical, petrographic, and petrophysical properties of the stone to contribute to its valorisation as a significant vernacular building material in the context of the Courel Mountains UGGp. Field surveys identified three main lithotypes: a conglomerate (PC-1), a breccia (PC-2), and sandstone beds with intercalated clay-rich layers (PC-3). Analytical techniques included X-ray diffraction, optical petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry, hydric properties, mechanical strength, and salt weathering tests, which revealed significant variations among these lithotypes. The results indicate that the conglomerate and the sandstone beds show the most favourable parameters for construction, with lower microporosity, higher strength, and better durability, while the clay-rich layers within the sandstone show weaker mechanical performance and higher susceptibility to weathering. The study highlights the interplay between geological heritage and built heritage, demonstrating the importance of locally sourced building materials in sustaining historical structures and promoting geotourism in the Courel Mountains UGGp and the potential of this stone to become a Heritage Stone
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-03-07
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10486/754241
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12371-026-01296-5
url https://hdl.handle.net/10486/754241
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12371-026-01296-5
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
instname:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
instname_str Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
reponame_str Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
collection Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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