Effects of injury prevention programs on physical performance and neuromuscular control in youth soccer
The practice of sports on a regular basis has proven to be a vital component for maintaining an active and healthy lifestyle that lasts a lifetime, reducing the risk of suffering from numerous non-communicable diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease [atherosclerosis], certain types of cancer [breast...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2021 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche |
| Repositorio: | REDIUMH. Depósito Digital de la UMH |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dspace.umh.es:11000/27501 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/11000/27501 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Lesión Prevención de lesiones Niños Adolescentes Competencia motriz Calentamiento Rendimiento CDU::7 - Bellas artes::79 - Deportes |
| Sumario: | The practice of sports on a regular basis has proven to be a vital component for maintaining an active and healthy lifestyle that lasts a lifetime, reducing the risk of suffering from numerous non-communicable diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease [atherosclerosis], certain types of cancer [breast and colon], metabolic disorders [diabetes mellitus] and respiratory disease [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]) and helps maintain an optimal state of physical, psychological and social well-being in children and adolescents. In this sense, given that soccer (i.e., associate football) is the most popular sport in the world, being most of its practitioners under the age of 18, it could have great potential to induce the aforementioned effects in young people. However, the high physical demands of the game of soccer alongside the decline in essential motor performance that often occurs during the years of maximal rate of growth and maturation may place young players at high risk of suffering an injury in comparison with their non-athlete counterparts. Thus, soccer-related injuries can counter the health-related beneficial effects of sports participation at a young age if a child or adolescent is unable to continue to participate because of the residual effects of injury. Within the last years, a number of neuromuscular training programs have been designed with the aim of preventing and reducing the number and severity of soccerrelated injuries in children and adolescents. The effectiveness of these neuromuscular training programs to reduce non-contact and overuse injuries in young soccer players has been documented in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Although the main purpose of these neuromuscular training programs is injury prevention, knowing the effects (acute and chronic) elicited by them on physical performance and neuromuscular control measures could help identify the potential mechanism underlying the reported reduction in the incidence of injuries. Therefore, the main objective of this doctoral thesis was to analyze the acute and chronic effects of some neuromuscular training programs on parameters of physical performance and neuromuscular control in youth soccer players. In order to achieve this objective, three randomized controlled studies were carried out in a sample of 83 young soccer players. On the one hand, the results of these studies report that neither the FIFA 11+ nor the Harmoknee programs elicit superior acute effects on measures of physical performance (with the exception of the 10 and 20 m sprint time) and neuromuscular control to the dynamic warm-up routines currently performed by most soccer players prior to training sessions and matches. On the other hand, the studies that comprise this doctoral thesis also show that, unlike traditional dynamic warm-up routines, when the FIFA 11+ Kids and FIFA 11+ programs are systematically performed at the start of training sessions and matches produce clinically relevant and statistically significant chronic improvements in some measures of physical performance (10 and 20 m sprint time and jump height) and neuromuscular control (unilateral dynamic balance, bilateral strength ratios) in children and adolescent soccer players, respectively. Therefore, the main findings of this doctoral thesis suggest that the mechanisms behind the promising reduction in injury risk by adhering to the FIFA 11+ kids and FIFA 11+ programs in young soccer players might be particularly associated with enhancements in tendon stiffness, balance, coordination and physical competency. |
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