New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality
The purpose of this thesis is to put forth and present a series of new applications of the gauge/string duality to areas of high energy physics and condensed matter physics. The contributions showcased in this thesis amount to the ever growing recollection of evidence that supports the duality, whic...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2013 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/119603 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/119603 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Plasma (Gasos ionitzats) Plasma (Gases ionizados) Plasma (Ionized gases) Forats negres (Astronomia) Agujeros negros (Astronomía) Black holes (Astronomy) Quarks Gluons Gluones Superfluïdesa Superfluidez Superfluidity Dualitat gauge/gravetat Dualidad gauge/gravedad Gauge/string duality D-brana D-brane Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques 53 |
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New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality |
| title |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality |
| spellingShingle |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality Fernández, Daniel (Fernández Moreno) Plasma (Gasos ionitzats) Plasma (Gases ionizados) Plasma (Ionized gases) Forats negres (Astronomia) Agujeros negros (Astronomía) Black holes (Astronomy) Quarks Gluons Gluones Superfluïdesa Superfluidez Superfluidity Dualitat gauge/gravetat Dualidad gauge/gravedad Gauge/string duality D-brana D-brane Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques 53 |
| title_short |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality |
| title_full |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality |
| title_fullStr |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality |
| title_full_unstemmed |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality |
| title_sort |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity Duality |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Fernández, Daniel (Fernández Moreno) |
| author |
Fernández, Daniel (Fernández Moreno) |
| author_facet |
Fernández, Daniel (Fernández Moreno) |
| author_role |
author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Mateos, David (Mateos Solé) Verdaguer Oms, Enric, 1950- Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Física Fonamental |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Plasma (Gasos ionitzats) Plasma (Gases ionizados) Plasma (Ionized gases) Forats negres (Astronomia) Agujeros negros (Astronomía) Black holes (Astronomy) Quarks Gluons Gluones Superfluïdesa Superfluidez Superfluidity Dualitat gauge/gravetat Dualidad gauge/gravedad Gauge/string duality D-brana D-brane Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques 53 |
| topic |
Plasma (Gasos ionitzats) Plasma (Gases ionizados) Plasma (Ionized gases) Forats negres (Astronomia) Agujeros negros (Astronomía) Black holes (Astronomy) Quarks Gluons Gluones Superfluïdesa Superfluidez Superfluidity Dualitat gauge/gravetat Dualidad gauge/gravedad Gauge/string duality D-brana D-brane Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques 53 |
| description |
The purpose of this thesis is to put forth and present a series of new applications of the gauge/string duality to areas of high energy physics and condensed matter physics. The contributions showcased in this thesis amount to the ever growing recollection of evidence that supports the duality, which has already become a broad and extensive field of its own. Most of the work contained in this thesis addresses the study of the quark gluon plasma, a state of matter that might allow to be approximated by simple gravitational descriptions and is, at the same time, accessible by experiment. This constitutes a great advantage, since it gives the possibility of testing the qualitative predictions that can be derived from the calculations in holography, like the ones presented in this thesis. One of them is that a heavy quark moving suficiently fast through a quark-gluon plasma may lose energy by Cherenkov-radiating mesons. Special emphasis is given to the fact that this effect takes place in all strongly coupled, large-Nc plasmas with a gravity dual. Phenomenological implications for heavy-ion collision experiments are also discussed. On the other hand, an extensive use is made of a IIB supergravity solution dual to a spatially anisotropic finite-temperature N = 4 super Yang-Mills plasma. Motivation comes from the fact that the quark gluon plasma created in heavy-ion collisions is anisotropic. The analysis focuses on three important observables of the plasma: Firstly, the drag force experienced by a massive quark propagating through the plasma is considered. The results show a generic misalignment of the gluon cloud trailing behind the quark, the quark velocity and the drag force itself whenever anisotropy is taken into account. Secondly, a study of the jet quenching parameter of the plasma is presented for arbitrary orientations and arbitrary values of the anisotropy. Perhaps surprisingly, the anisotropic value can be larger or smaller than the isotropic one, and moreover, this depends on whether the comparison is made at equal temperatures or at equal entropy densities. Finally, the screening length for quarkonium mesons in the anisotropic plasma is computed. The most important result is that not only can the temperature cause the dissociation of mesons, but anisotropy itself, even at zero temperature, may be responsible for it. Lastly, the duality is applied to the holographic description of anisotropic p-wave super- fluids, and a gravitational model is used to perform a complete analysis of their transport phenomena in the superfluid phase. The thermoelectric, piezoelectric and exoelectric effects are thoroughly studied. The results reproduce characteristic features of both superfluids and superconductors. In particular, the viscosities of the fluid deviate from the universal value, as is expected in an anisotropic condensed phase. An additional viscosity coeficient, associated to the difference in normal stresses and not previously considered in the holographic context, is also computed. |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2013 2013 2013 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| format |
doctoralThesis |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/119603 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/119603 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/ |
| eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
250 p. application/pdf application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universitat de Barcelona |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universitat de Barcelona |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa) reponame:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red instname:CBUC, CESCA |
| instname_str |
CBUC, CESCA |
| reponame_str |
TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
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TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
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|
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
| _version_ |
1869425152001835008 |
| spelling |
New Applications of the Gauge/Gravity DualityFernández, Daniel (Fernández Moreno)Plasma (Gasos ionitzats)Plasma (Gases ionizados)Plasma (Ionized gases)Forats negres (Astronomia)Agujeros negros (Astronomía)Black holes (Astronomy)QuarksGluonsGluonesSuperfluïdesaSuperfluidezSuperfluidityDualitat gauge/gravetatDualidad gauge/gravedadGauge/string dualityD-branaD-braneCiències Experimentals i Matemàtiques53The purpose of this thesis is to put forth and present a series of new applications of the gauge/string duality to areas of high energy physics and condensed matter physics. The contributions showcased in this thesis amount to the ever growing recollection of evidence that supports the duality, which has already become a broad and extensive field of its own. Most of the work contained in this thesis addresses the study of the quark gluon plasma, a state of matter that might allow to be approximated by simple gravitational descriptions and is, at the same time, accessible by experiment. This constitutes a great advantage, since it gives the possibility of testing the qualitative predictions that can be derived from the calculations in holography, like the ones presented in this thesis. One of them is that a heavy quark moving suficiently fast through a quark-gluon plasma may lose energy by Cherenkov-radiating mesons. Special emphasis is given to the fact that this effect takes place in all strongly coupled, large-Nc plasmas with a gravity dual. Phenomenological implications for heavy-ion collision experiments are also discussed. On the other hand, an extensive use is made of a IIB supergravity solution dual to a spatially anisotropic finite-temperature N = 4 super Yang-Mills plasma. Motivation comes from the fact that the quark gluon plasma created in heavy-ion collisions is anisotropic. The analysis focuses on three important observables of the plasma: Firstly, the drag force experienced by a massive quark propagating through the plasma is considered. The results show a generic misalignment of the gluon cloud trailing behind the quark, the quark velocity and the drag force itself whenever anisotropy is taken into account. Secondly, a study of the jet quenching parameter of the plasma is presented for arbitrary orientations and arbitrary values of the anisotropy. Perhaps surprisingly, the anisotropic value can be larger or smaller than the isotropic one, and moreover, this depends on whether the comparison is made at equal temperatures or at equal entropy densities. Finally, the screening length for quarkonium mesons in the anisotropic plasma is computed. The most important result is that not only can the temperature cause the dissociation of mesons, but anisotropy itself, even at zero temperature, may be responsible for it. Lastly, the duality is applied to the holographic description of anisotropic p-wave super- fluids, and a gravitational model is used to perform a complete analysis of their transport phenomena in the superfluid phase. The thermoelectric, piezoelectric and exoelectric effects are thoroughly studied. The results reproduce characteristic features of both superfluids and superconductors. In particular, the viscosities of the fluid deviate from the universal value, as is expected in an anisotropic condensed phase. An additional viscosity coeficient, associated to the difference in normal stresses and not previously considered in the holographic context, is also computed.El propósito de esta tesis es presentar una serie de nuevas aplicaciones de la dualidad gauge/gravedad a áreas de la física de altas energías y de la materia condensada. La mencionada dualidad se ha convertido en un amplio y extenso campo, y las contribuciones resaltadas en esta tesis se unen a la creciente recopilación de evidencia que la apoya. La mayoría del trabajo realizado se refiere al estudio del plasma de quarks y gluones, un estado de la materia que podría permitir ser aproximado por simples descripciones gravitatorias y que es, al mismo tiempo, accesible experimentalmente. Esto daría la posibilidad de poner a prueba las predicciones cualitativas que se derivan de cálculos holográficos como los contenidos en esta tesis. Uno de ellos recoge la predicción de que un quark pesado moviéndose lo suficientemente rápido a través del plasma de quarks y gluones podría perder energía por radiación Cherenkov de mesones. Un énfasis especial se da al hecho de que este efecto tiene lugar en todos los plasmas fuertemente acoplados en el límite de gran N(c), siempre y cuando tengan un dual de gravedad. Por otra parte, se hace un extenso uso de una solución de supergravedad IIB dual a un plasma de N = 4 súper Yang-Mills anisotrópico a temperatura finita. La motivación viene del hecho de que el plasma de quarks y gluones creado en colisiones de iones pesados es anisotrópico. El análisis se centra en tres observables importantes del plasma: La fuerza de arrastre experimentada por un quark masivo que se propaga en el plasma, el parámetro de jet quenching para direcciones y valores de la anisotropía arbitrarios, y la longitud de apantallamiento de mesones de quarkonium en el plasma anisotrópico. Finalmente, se aplica la dualidad a la descripción holográfica de superufluídos de onda p. Se usa un modelo gravitatorio para realizar un análisis completo de sus fenómenos de transporte en la fase superufluídica. Los efectos termoeléctrico, piezoeléctrico y exoeléctrico se estudian en detalle. Los resultados reproducen características típicas tanto de superufluídos como de superconductores. También se calcula un coeficiente de viscosidad adicional, asociado a la diferencia de esfuerzos normales y no considerado previamente en el contexto holográfico.Universitat de BarcelonaMateos, David (Mateos Solé)Verdaguer Oms, Enric, 1950-Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Física Fonamental201320132013info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion250 p.application/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10803/119603TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)reponame:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Redinstname:CBUC, CESCAInglésL'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi queda condicionat a l'acceptació de les condicions d'ús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:www.tdx.cat:10803/1196032026-06-14T12:46:07Z |
| score |
15,301603 |