Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area

Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental risks to health, causing millions of deaths and deleterious health effects worldwide, especially in urban areas where citizens are exposed to high ambient levels of pollutants, also influencing indoor air quality (IAQ). Many sources of indoor air ar...

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Autores: Alonso Blanco, Elisabeth, Gómez Moreno, Francisco Javier, Díaz Ramiro, Elías, Fernández, Javier, Coz, Esther, Yagüe Anguis, Carlos, Román Cascón, Carlos, Narros, Adolfo, Borge, Rafael, Artíñano, Begoña
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/103621
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/103621
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:504.3.054
Urban air pollutants
Real-time I/O measurements
Indoor air quality (IAQ)
Indoor activities
Gaseous and particulate pollutants
Ecología (Biología)
2509.02 Contaminación Atmosférica
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spelling Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban AreaAlonso Blanco, ElisabethGómez Moreno, Francisco JavierDíaz Ramiro, ElíasFernández, JavierCoz, EstherYagüe Anguis, CarlosRomán Cascón, CarlosNarros, AdolfoBorge, RafaelArtíñano, Begoña504.3.054Urban air pollutantsReal-time I/O measurementsIndoor air quality (IAQ)Indoor activitiesGaseous and particulate pollutantsEcología (Biología)2509.02 Contaminación AtmosféricaAir pollution is one of the greatest environmental risks to health, causing millions of deaths and deleterious health effects worldwide, especially in urban areas where citizens are exposed to high ambient levels of pollutants, also influencing indoor air quality (IAQ). Many sources of indoor air are fairly obvious and well known, but the contribution of outside sources to indoor air still leads to significant uncertainties, in particular the influence that environmental variables have on outdoor/indoor pollutant exchange mechanisms. This is a critical aspect to consider in IAQ studies. In this respect, an experimental study was performed at a public site such as a university classroom during a non-academic period in Madrid city. This includes two field campaigns, in summer (2021) and winter (2020), where instruments for measuring gases and particle air pollutants simultaneously measured outdoor and indoor real-time concentrations. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic variations in the indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios in terms of ambient outdoor conditions (meteorology, turbulence and air quality) and indoor features (human presence or natural ventilation). The results show that the I/O ratio is pollutant-dependent. In this sense, the infiltration capacity is higher for gaseous compounds, and in the case of particles, it depends on the particle size, with a higher infiltration capacity for smaller particles (<PM2.5). Additionally, under specific situations of high atmospheric stability, the concentrations of gases derived from traffic tend to accumulate in the room, keeping the background concentrations. These concentrations decreased when room ventilation was produced simultaneously with well-ventilated (high wind speed) external conditions. This suggests that the meteorology and turbulence parameters played a key role in influencing indoor ambient pollution conditions by enhancing the dispersion or accumulation of pollutants. The obtained results highlight the high number of variables involved in the outdoor/indoor exchange of air pollutants and, consequently, how complex its study is. Thus, the knowledge of these factors is critical for understanding the behavior of indoor pollutants and controlling human exposure in indoor environments.MDPIUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20232023-09-2520232023-09-25journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/103621reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)InglésengComunidad de Madrid http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100012818 S2018 EMT4329MCIN PID2021-127885OB-I00 Not availableMCIN AEI 10.13039open accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1036212026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
title Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
spellingShingle Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
Alonso Blanco, Elisabeth
504.3.054
Urban air pollutants
Real-time I/O measurements
Indoor air quality (IAQ)
Indoor activities
Gaseous and particulate pollutants
Ecología (Biología)
2509.02 Contaminación Atmosférica
title_short Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
title_full Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
title_fullStr Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
title_full_unstemmed Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
title_sort Real-Time Measurements of Indoor–Outdoor Exchange of Gaseous and Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants in an Urban Area
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Alonso Blanco, Elisabeth
Gómez Moreno, Francisco Javier
Díaz Ramiro, Elías
Fernández, Javier
Coz, Esther
Yagüe Anguis, Carlos
Román Cascón, Carlos
Narros, Adolfo
Borge, Rafael
Artíñano, Begoña
author Alonso Blanco, Elisabeth
author_facet Alonso Blanco, Elisabeth
Gómez Moreno, Francisco Javier
Díaz Ramiro, Elías
Fernández, Javier
Coz, Esther
Yagüe Anguis, Carlos
Román Cascón, Carlos
Narros, Adolfo
Borge, Rafael
Artíñano, Begoña
author_role author
author2 Gómez Moreno, Francisco Javier
Díaz Ramiro, Elías
Fernández, Javier
Coz, Esther
Yagüe Anguis, Carlos
Román Cascón, Carlos
Narros, Adolfo
Borge, Rafael
Artíñano, Begoña
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 504.3.054
Urban air pollutants
Real-time I/O measurements
Indoor air quality (IAQ)
Indoor activities
Gaseous and particulate pollutants
Ecología (Biología)
2509.02 Contaminación Atmosférica
topic 504.3.054
Urban air pollutants
Real-time I/O measurements
Indoor air quality (IAQ)
Indoor activities
Gaseous and particulate pollutants
Ecología (Biología)
2509.02 Contaminación Atmosférica
description Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental risks to health, causing millions of deaths and deleterious health effects worldwide, especially in urban areas where citizens are exposed to high ambient levels of pollutants, also influencing indoor air quality (IAQ). Many sources of indoor air are fairly obvious and well known, but the contribution of outside sources to indoor air still leads to significant uncertainties, in particular the influence that environmental variables have on outdoor/indoor pollutant exchange mechanisms. This is a critical aspect to consider in IAQ studies. In this respect, an experimental study was performed at a public site such as a university classroom during a non-academic period in Madrid city. This includes two field campaigns, in summer (2021) and winter (2020), where instruments for measuring gases and particle air pollutants simultaneously measured outdoor and indoor real-time concentrations. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic variations in the indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios in terms of ambient outdoor conditions (meteorology, turbulence and air quality) and indoor features (human presence or natural ventilation). The results show that the I/O ratio is pollutant-dependent. In this sense, the infiltration capacity is higher for gaseous compounds, and in the case of particles, it depends on the particle size, with a higher infiltration capacity for smaller particles (<PM2.5). Additionally, under specific situations of high atmospheric stability, the concentrations of gases derived from traffic tend to accumulate in the room, keeping the background concentrations. These concentrations decreased when room ventilation was produced simultaneously with well-ventilated (high wind speed) external conditions. This suggests that the meteorology and turbulence parameters played a key role in influencing indoor ambient pollution conditions by enhancing the dispersion or accumulation of pollutants. The obtained results highlight the high number of variables involved in the outdoor/indoor exchange of air pollutants and, consequently, how complex its study is. Thus, the knowledge of these factors is critical for understanding the behavior of indoor pollutants and controlling human exposure in indoor environments.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2023-09-25
2023
2023-09-25
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/103621
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/103621
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Comunidad de Madrid http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100012818 S2018 EMT4329
MCIN PID2021-127885OB-I00 Not available
MCIN AEI 10.13039
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300724

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