CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels
[EN] Aeronautical gas turbine engines are responsible for a significant part of energy consumption, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. As their demand has exponentially increased over the years, looking for alternative fuels to Jet-A1 to decarbonize the sector has become necessary. In the shor...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
| Repositorio: | RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/226752 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/226752 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | CFD Metano Flujo con swirl Amoniaco-hidrógeno Turbina de gas Combustión Methane Swirling flow Ammonia-hydrogen Gas turbine Combustion Motores de turbina de gas Dinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD) Combustión amoníaco-hidrógeno Simulación LES (Large Eddy Simulation) Gas turbine engines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Ammonia-hydrogen combustion Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Máster Universitario en Mecánica de Fluidos Computacional-Màster Universitari en Mecànica de Fluids Computacional |
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CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels Modelado CFD de un quemador de turbina de gas estabilizado por swirl con estratificación de mezcla y combustibles de bajo carbono Modelatge CFD d un cremador de turbina de gas estabilitzat per swirl amb estratificació de mescla i combustibles de baix carbó |
| title |
CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels |
| spellingShingle |
CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels Gerardo Andrés CFD Metano Flujo con swirl Amoniaco-hidrógeno Turbina de gas Combustión Methane Swirling flow Ammonia-hydrogen Gas turbine Combustion Motores de turbina de gas Dinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD) Combustión amoníaco-hidrógeno Simulación LES (Large Eddy Simulation) Gas turbine engines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Ammonia-hydrogen combustion Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Máster Universitario en Mecánica de Fluidos Computacional-Màster Universitari en Mecànica de Fluids Computacional |
| title_short |
CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels |
| title_full |
CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels |
| title_fullStr |
CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels |
| title_full_unstemmed |
CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels |
| title_sort |
CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon Fuels |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Gerardo Andrés |
| author |
Gerardo Andrés |
| author_facet |
Gerardo Andrés |
| author_role |
author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
García Oliver, José María Pastor Enguídanos, José Manuel Departamento de Máquinas y Motores Térmicos Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Diseño Industrial Instituto Universitario de Investigación CMT - Clean Mobility & Thermofluids Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
CFD Metano Flujo con swirl Amoniaco-hidrógeno Turbina de gas Combustión Methane Swirling flow Ammonia-hydrogen Gas turbine Combustion Motores de turbina de gas Dinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD) Combustión amoníaco-hidrógeno Simulación LES (Large Eddy Simulation) Gas turbine engines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Ammonia-hydrogen combustion Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Máster Universitario en Mecánica de Fluidos Computacional-Màster Universitari en Mecànica de Fluids Computacional |
| topic |
CFD Metano Flujo con swirl Amoniaco-hidrógeno Turbina de gas Combustión Methane Swirling flow Ammonia-hydrogen Gas turbine Combustion Motores de turbina de gas Dinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD) Combustión amoníaco-hidrógeno Simulación LES (Large Eddy Simulation) Gas turbine engines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Ammonia-hydrogen combustion Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Máster Universitario en Mecánica de Fluidos Computacional-Màster Universitari en Mecànica de Fluids Computacional |
| description |
[EN] Aeronautical gas turbine engines are responsible for a significant part of energy consumption, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. As their demand has exponentially increased over the years, looking for alternative fuels to Jet-A1 to decarbonize the sector has become necessary. In the short to medium term, the best option is to research the viability of low-carbon fuels such as synthetic methane and Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), which have been proven by extensive investigations to be suitable for current gas turbine engines. However, these low-carbon fuels still contain a small percentage of carbon in their chemical composition. Thus, they still create a low carbon dioxide emission rate into the atmosphere, making them only an interim solution. Therefore, carbon-free fuels like hydrogen or ammonia have become an appealing option and a target of study to verify if they are suitable for implementation in gas turbines while complying with safety regulations. To this purpose, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods have become crucial tools in the investigation of low-carbon and carbon-free fuels since CFD allows comprehensive examination of a wide range of parametric variations in fuel or burner operating conditions while relying on experiments only to tune the model for accuracy. In this context, the present master’s thesis aims, through Converge™ CFD code, to develop a high-fidelity and robust computational model of the CMT-Clean Mobility & Thermofluids Institute swirled-stabilized atmospheric burners using methane as a reference fuel due to the availability of experimental data for validation. The resulting CFD case setup was then used to simulate a partially premixed mixture composed of 95% ammonia and 5% hydrogen as fuel and compare it with previous methane results. This second task seeks to contribute to the knowledge of flame characteristics generated by ammonia-hydrogen combustion and analyze them against methane results. The CFD model was tested over three different meshes to balance computational cost and accuracy in Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The base grid size, taken from previous CMT CFD investigations, was compared with a grid 50% coarser and 25% finer. Results showed that the coarser grid represented the conical flame shape but predicted higher localized heat release peaks and wider recirculation regions, with a 13% increase in radial velocity downstream. The finer mesh reduced RMSE by 34.3% compared to the base grid but increased computational time by 30.67% without significant improvement in flame structure. Additionally, U-RANS k−ε turbulence models were assessed against LES to evaluate accuracy versus cost. LES outperformed U-RANS despite being 44% more expensive, as k−ε cannot resolve turbulent scales and relies solely on modeling. Thermoacoustic characteristics were addressed by testing plenum and outflow boundary variations, using non-reflective features to dampen pressure and mass flow oscillations. An elliptical plenum proved better than cylindrical configurations for controlling thermoacoustic behavior without relying on non-reflective boundaries. Finally, the ammonia-hydrogen blend simulation revealed the impact of ammonia’s low energy content and laminar flame speed, resulting in a larger flame with 30% less heat release than methane, while hydrogen acted as a combustion promoter due to its higher energy content and reactivity. |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2025 2025-11-24 2025 2025-02-17 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
master thesis http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/226752 |
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https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/226752 |
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Inglés eng |
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Inglés |
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eng |
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open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Reserva de todos los derechos http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Reserva de todos los derechos http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universitat Politècnica de València |
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Universitat Politècnica de València |
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reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia instname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
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Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
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RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
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RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
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1869425071608561664 |
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CFD Modelling of Swirled-Stabilized Gas Turbine Burner with Mixture Stratification and Low Carbon FuelsModelado CFD de un quemador de turbina de gas estabilizado por swirl con estratificación de mezcla y combustibles de bajo carbonoModelatge CFD d un cremador de turbina de gas estabilitzat per swirl amb estratificació de mescla i combustibles de baix carbóGerardo AndrésCFDMetanoFlujo con swirlAmoniaco-hidrógenoTurbina de gasCombustiónMethaneSwirling flowAmmonia-hydrogenGas turbineCombustionMotores de turbina de gasDinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD)Combustión amoníaco-hidrógenoSimulación LES (Large Eddy Simulation)Gas turbine enginesComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)Ammonia-hydrogen combustionLarge Eddy Simulation (LES)Máster Universitario en Mecánica de Fluidos Computacional-Màster Universitari en Mecànica de Fluids Computacional[EN] Aeronautical gas turbine engines are responsible for a significant part of energy consumption, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. As their demand has exponentially increased over the years, looking for alternative fuels to Jet-A1 to decarbonize the sector has become necessary. In the short to medium term, the best option is to research the viability of low-carbon fuels such as synthetic methane and Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), which have been proven by extensive investigations to be suitable for current gas turbine engines. However, these low-carbon fuels still contain a small percentage of carbon in their chemical composition. Thus, they still create a low carbon dioxide emission rate into the atmosphere, making them only an interim solution. Therefore, carbon-free fuels like hydrogen or ammonia have become an appealing option and a target of study to verify if they are suitable for implementation in gas turbines while complying with safety regulations. To this purpose, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods have become crucial tools in the investigation of low-carbon and carbon-free fuels since CFD allows comprehensive examination of a wide range of parametric variations in fuel or burner operating conditions while relying on experiments only to tune the model for accuracy. In this context, the present master’s thesis aims, through Converge™ CFD code, to develop a high-fidelity and robust computational model of the CMT-Clean Mobility & Thermofluids Institute swirled-stabilized atmospheric burners using methane as a reference fuel due to the availability of experimental data for validation. The resulting CFD case setup was then used to simulate a partially premixed mixture composed of 95% ammonia and 5% hydrogen as fuel and compare it with previous methane results. This second task seeks to contribute to the knowledge of flame characteristics generated by ammonia-hydrogen combustion and analyze them against methane results. The CFD model was tested over three different meshes to balance computational cost and accuracy in Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The base grid size, taken from previous CMT CFD investigations, was compared with a grid 50% coarser and 25% finer. Results showed that the coarser grid represented the conical flame shape but predicted higher localized heat release peaks and wider recirculation regions, with a 13% increase in radial velocity downstream. The finer mesh reduced RMSE by 34.3% compared to the base grid but increased computational time by 30.67% without significant improvement in flame structure. Additionally, U-RANS k−ε turbulence models were assessed against LES to evaluate accuracy versus cost. LES outperformed U-RANS despite being 44% more expensive, as k−ε cannot resolve turbulent scales and relies solely on modeling. Thermoacoustic characteristics were addressed by testing plenum and outflow boundary variations, using non-reflective features to dampen pressure and mass flow oscillations. An elliptical plenum proved better than cylindrical configurations for controlling thermoacoustic behavior without relying on non-reflective boundaries. Finally, the ammonia-hydrogen blend simulation revealed the impact of ammonia’s low energy content and laminar flame speed, resulting in a larger flame with 30% less heat release than methane, while hydrogen acted as a combustion promoter due to its higher energy content and reactivity.[ES] Los motores de turbina de gas en la aeronáutica son responsables de una parte significativa del consumo de energía, la contaminación y la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero. La demanda en el sector ha crecido exponencialmente con el paso de los años; por ello, se ha convertido en una necesidad buscar combustibles alternativos al Jet-A1 para descarbonizar el sector. A corto y medio plazo, las mejores opciones para investigar son los combustibles bajos en carbono, como el metano sintético y el Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). Numerosas investigaciones han demostrado que son una buena opción para ser utilizados en turbinas de gas actuales. Sin embargo, estos combustibles aún contienen un pequeño porcentaje de carbono en su composición química y, por ende, emiten dióxido de carbono a la atmósfera, por lo que solo funcionan como una solución interina. Por lo tanto, combustibles libres de carbono como el hidrógeno o el amoníaco se han convertido en opciones atractivas. Muchos estudios se han centrado en incrementar el conocimiento sobre ellos y verificar si son viables para su implementación en turbinas de gas cumpliendo con las regulaciones de seguridad del sector. Para este fin, los métodos de Dinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD) se han vuelto herramientas imprescindibles para la investigación de combustibles bajos y libres de carbono, ya que el CFD permite evaluar una amplia gama de variaciones paramétricas en las condiciones de operación del combustible o del quemador, necesitando solo datos experimentales para ajustar el modelo y asegurar su precisión. En este contexto, la presente tesis tiene como objetivo, mediante el código Converge™ CFD, desarrollar un modelo computacional robusto y de alta fidelidad para simular el quemador atmosférico del instituto CMT-Clean Mobility & Thermofluids, utilizando metano como referencia debido a la disponibilidad de datos experimentales para validar los resultados. El modelo resultante se empleó para realizar una simulación con una mezcla parcialmente premezclada compuesta por 95% de amoníaco y 5% de hidrógeno, comparándola con los resultados previos obtenidos con metano. Con esta segunda tarea, la tesis busca contribuir al conocimiento sobre las características de la llama generada por la combustión amoníaco-hidrógeno y analizarla frente a los resultados anteriores. Se probó el modelo CFD con tres mallas diferentes para equilibrar el coste computacional de ejecutar simulaciones LES (Large Eddy Simulation) con la calidad y precisión de los resultados. La malla base, tomada de estudios previos en CMT, se comparó con una 50% más gruesa y otra 25% más fina. Los resultados mostraron que la malla gruesa representó la forma cónica de la llama, pero predijo picos más altos de liberación de calor y regiones de recirculación más amplias, con un incremento del 13% en la velocidad radial aguas abajo. La malla fina redujo el RMSE en un 34,3% respecto a la base, pero aumentó el tiempo de cálculo en un 30,67% sin mejoras significativas en la estructura de la llama. También se evaluaron los modelos de turbulencia k−ε U-RANS frente a LES para comprobar la viabilidad de obtener resultados precisos reduciendo el coste computacional. Sin embargo, se determinó que LES es la opción preferida, aun siendo un 44% más costosa, ya que los modelos U-RANS no resuelven escalas turbulentas y dependen únicamente del modelado. Finalmente, la simulación de la mezcla amoníaco-hidrógeno evidenció el impacto de las propiedades químicas del amoníaco, como su bajo contenido energético y velocidad laminar de llama, generando una llama más extensa y con una liberación de calor 30% menor que el metano. Asimismo, se concluyó que el hidrógeno actúa como promotor de la combustión gracias a su mayor contenido energético y reactividad.Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaGarcía Oliver, José MaríaPastor Enguídanos, José ManuelDepartamento de Máquinas y Motores TérmicosEscuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Diseño IndustrialInstituto Universitario de Investigación CMT - Clean Mobility & ThermofluidsRepositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet20252025-11-2420252025-02-17master thesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/226752reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valénciainstname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Reserva de todos los derechoshttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:riunet.upv.es:10251/2267522026-06-13T07:49:27Z |
| score |
15,812429 |