Glycemic response and starch digestibility in traditional and industrial breads from the Galician market (NW Spain)

In Galicia, bread is not only a dietary staple but also a cultural and high-value product. The increasing replacement of traditional bread by industrial alternatives has raised nutritional concerns. This study assessed in vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index (eGI) in 72 breads fro...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: España Fariñas, M. Pilar, Méndez Sánchez, Esperanza María, Pereira Lorenzo, Santiago, Romero Rodríguez, María de los Ángeles
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)
Repositorio:Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:minerva.usc.gal:10347/46150
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10347/46150
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Galician bread
Glycemic index
Hydrolysis index
Starch fractions
In vitro digestion
Descripción
Sumario:In Galicia, bread is not only a dietary staple but also a cultural and high-value product. The increasing replacement of traditional bread by industrial alternatives has raised nutritional concerns. This study assessed in vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index (eGI) in 72 breads from the Galician market, including industrial and artisan traditional samples made with wheat, rye, or corn. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed across samples in terms of starch fractions and glycemic index. Traditional breads made with local corn or rye flours showed lower eGI values and higher resistant starch contents, whereas industrial wheat breads exhibited higher eGI and rapidly digestible starch fractions. Both compositional and technological factors influenced glycemic response, including cereal type, sourdough use, and fermentation duration. Overall, traditional breads produced with local flours and long fermentation displayed a slower starch digestibility pattern and more favorable nutritional profile than industrial counterparts, supporting their promotion as healthier options within a balanced diet.