| Sumario: | We study proximity effects in a multilayered superconductor/ferromagnet (/) structure with arbitrary relative directions of the magnetization M. If the magnetizations of different layers are collinear, the superconducting condensate function induced in the F layers has only a singlet component and a triplet one with a zero projection of the total magnetic moment of the Cooper pairs on the M direction. In this case the condensate penetrates the F layers over a short length determined by the exchange energy J. If the magnetizations M are not collinear, the triplet component has, in addition to the zero projection, the projections ±1. The latter component is even in the momentum, odd in the Matsubara frequency and penetrates the F layers over a long distance that increases with decreasing temperature and does not depend on J (the spin-orbit interaction limits this length). If the thickness of the F layers is much larger than , the Josephson coupling between neighboring S layers is provided only by the triplet component, so that a new type of superconductivity arises in the transverse direction of the structure. The Josephson critical current is positive (negative) for the case of a positive (negative) chirality of the vector M. We demonstrate that this type of the triplet condensate can be detected also by measuring the density of states in // structures.
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