The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases

Mixed infections of plant viruses are common in crops and represent a critical biotic factor with substantial epidemiological implications for plant viral diseases. Compared to single-virus infections, mixed infections arise from simultaneous or sequential infections, which can inevitably affect the...

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Authors: Moya-Ruiz, Celia de, Ferriol, Inmaculada, Gómez, Pedro
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2024
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/375493
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/375493
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:CABYV
Co-infection
Mixed infections
Sequential infection
Virus–virus interaction
Within-host virus interaction
WMV
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spelling The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral DiseasesMoya-Ruiz, Celia deFerriol, InmaculadaGómez, PedroCABYVCo-infectionMixed infectionsSequential infectionVirus–virus interactionWithin-host virus interactionWMVMixed infections of plant viruses are common in crops and represent a critical biotic factor with substantial epidemiological implications for plant viral diseases. Compared to single-virus infections, mixed infections arise from simultaneous or sequential infections, which can inevitably affect the ecology and evolution of the diseases. These infections can either exacerbate or ameliorate symptom severity, including virus–virus interactions within the same host that may influence a range of viral traits associated with disease emergence. This underscores the need for a more comprehensive understanding of how the order of virus arrival to the host can impact plant disease dynamics. From this perspective, we reviewed the current evidence regarding the impact of mixed infections within the framework of simultaneous and sequential infections in plants, considering the mode of viral transmission. We also examined how the temporal order of mixed infections could affect the dynamics of viral populations and present a case study of two aphid-transmitted viruses infecting melon plants, suggesting that the order of virus arrival significantly affects viral load and disease outcomes. Finally, we anticipate future research that reconciles molecular epidemiology and evolutionary ecology, underlining the importance of biotic interactions in shaping viral epidemiology and plant disease dynamics in agroecosystems.This work was part of the research project PID2022-141108OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER (EU), as well as part of the AGROALNEXT program funded by MCIN from NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1) and Fundación Séneca from CARM. C. de Moya-Ruiz was supported by Fundación Séneca within a PhD program (SENECA 21417/FPI/20).Peer reviewedMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing InstituteMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)European CommissionFundación SénecaFerriol, Inmaculada [0000-0003-0111-7537]Gómez, Pedro [0000-0003-2830-4105]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2025202520242025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/375493reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-141108OB-I00https://doi.org/10.3390/v16121804Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3754932026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
title The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
spellingShingle The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
Moya-Ruiz, Celia de
CABYV
Co-infection
Mixed infections
Sequential infection
Virus–virus interaction
Within-host virus interaction
WMV
title_short The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
title_full The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
title_fullStr The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
title_full_unstemmed The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
title_sort The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Moya-Ruiz, Celia de
Ferriol, Inmaculada
Gómez, Pedro
author Moya-Ruiz, Celia de
author_facet Moya-Ruiz, Celia de
Ferriol, Inmaculada
Gómez, Pedro
author_role author
author2 Ferriol, Inmaculada
Gómez, Pedro
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
European Commission
Fundación Séneca
Ferriol, Inmaculada [0000-0003-0111-7537]
Gómez, Pedro [0000-0003-2830-4105]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv CABYV
Co-infection
Mixed infections
Sequential infection
Virus–virus interaction
Within-host virus interaction
WMV
topic CABYV
Co-infection
Mixed infections
Sequential infection
Virus–virus interaction
Within-host virus interaction
WMV
description Mixed infections of plant viruses are common in crops and represent a critical biotic factor with substantial epidemiological implications for plant viral diseases. Compared to single-virus infections, mixed infections arise from simultaneous or sequential infections, which can inevitably affect the ecology and evolution of the diseases. These infections can either exacerbate or ameliorate symptom severity, including virus–virus interactions within the same host that may influence a range of viral traits associated with disease emergence. This underscores the need for a more comprehensive understanding of how the order of virus arrival to the host can impact plant disease dynamics. From this perspective, we reviewed the current evidence regarding the impact of mixed infections within the framework of simultaneous and sequential infections in plants, considering the mode of viral transmission. We also examined how the temporal order of mixed infections could affect the dynamics of viral populations and present a case study of two aphid-transmitted viruses infecting melon plants, suggesting that the order of virus arrival significantly affects viral load and disease outcomes. Finally, we anticipate future research that reconciles molecular epidemiology and evolutionary ecology, underlining the importance of biotic interactions in shaping viral epidemiology and plant disease dynamics in agroecosystems.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/375493
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/375493
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-141108OB-I00
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16121804
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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