Current applications of nanoparticles in infectious diseases.

For decades infections have been treated easily with drugs. However, in the 21st century, they may become lethal again owing to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Pathogens can become resistant by means of different mechanisms, such as increasing the time they spend in the intracellular en...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Zazo, Hinojal, Colino, Clara I, Lanao, José M
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Salamanca (USAL)
Repositorio:GREDOS. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Salamanca
OAI Identifier:oai:gredos.usal.es:10366/162004
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10366/162004
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Amphotericin B (PubChem CID: 5280965)
Antimicrobial
Chloroquine (PubChem CID: 2719)
Drug delivery
Fluconazole (PubChem CID: 3365)
Gentamicin (PubChem CID: 3467)
Infections
Nanoparticles
Penicillin (PubChem CID: 5904)
Rifampicin (PubChem CID: 5381226)
Saquinavir (PubChem CID: 60934)
Streptomycin (PubChem CID: 5999)
Vancomycin (PubChem CID: 14969)
Zidovudine (PubChem CID: 35370).
Animals
Anti-Infective Agents
Humans
Drug Delivery Systems
nanopartículas
animales
sistemas de liberación de medicamentos
humanos
antiinfecciosos
Descripción
Sumario:For decades infections have been treated easily with drugs. However, in the 21st century, they may become lethal again owing to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Pathogens can become resistant by means of different mechanisms, such as increasing the time they spend in the intracellular environment, where drugs are unable to reach therapeutic levels. Moreover, drugs are also subject to certain problems that decrease their efficacy. This requires the use of high doses, and frequent administrations must be implemented, causing adverse side effects or toxicity. The use of nanoparticle systems can help to overcome such problems and increase drug efficacy. Accordingly, there is considerable current interest in their use as antimicrobial agents against different pathogens like bacteria, virus, fungi or parasites, multidrug-resistant strains and biofilms; as targeting vectors towards specific tissues; as vaccines and as theranostic systems. This review begins with an overview of the different types and characteristics of nanoparticles used to deliver drugs to the target, followed by a review of current research and clinical trials addressing the use of nanoparticles within the field of infectious diseases.