A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications

This paper presents a novel dual-band flexible antenna, uniquely designed and extended to array as well as MIMO configurations for the Sub-6 GHz band. The single-element monopole antenna features a modified rectangular radiator with two L-strips and a reduced ground plane, enabling a compact dual-ba...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: JOHN, DEEPTHI MARIAM, Ali, Tanweer, Vincent, Shweta, Pathan, Sameena, Anguera, Jaume, VIRDEE, BAL, MOHAN DAVID, RAJIV, NAYAK, kRISHNAMURTHY, P G, Sudheesh
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
Repositorio:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
OAI Identifier:oai:dau.url.edu:20.500.14342/5582
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/5582
https://doi.org/10.3390/s25113557
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Sub-6 GHz
Antenna array
MIMO
CMA
SAR
Flexible
537
62
621.3
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oai_identifier_str oai:dau.url.edu:20.500.14342/5582
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spelling A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communicationsJOHN, DEEPTHI MARIAMAli, TanweerVincent, ShwetaPathan, SameenaAnguera, JaumeVIRDEE, BALMOHAN DAVID, RAJIVNAYAK, kRISHNAMURTHYP G, SudheeshSub-6 GHzAntenna arrayMIMOCMASARFlexible53762621.3This paper presents a novel dual-band flexible antenna, uniquely designed and extended to array as well as MIMO configurations for the Sub-6 GHz band. The single-element monopole antenna features a modified rectangular radiator with two L-strips and a reduced ground plane, enabling a compact dual-band response. The proposed four-element, two-port MIMO configuration is extended from the 1 × 2 array antenna, achieving an overall dimension of 57 × 50 × 0.1 mm3, making it exceptionally compact and flexible compared to existing rigid and bulkier designs. Operating in the 3.6–3.8 GHz and 5.65–5.95 GHz bands, the antenna delivers a high gain of 5.2 dBi and 7.7 dBi, outperforming many designs in terms of gain while maintaining the superior isolation of >22 dB utilizing a defected ground structure (DGS). The design satisfies key MIMO diversity metrics (ECC < 0.05, DG > 9.99) and demonstrates low SAR values (0.0702/0.25 W/kg at 3.75 GHz and 0.175/0.507 W/kg at 5.9 GHz), making it highly suitable for wearable and on-body communication, unlike many rigid counterparts. Fabricated on a flexible polyimide substrate, the antenna addresses challenges such as size, bandwidth, isolation, and safety in MIMO antenna design. The performance, validated through fabrication and measurement, establishes the proposed antenna as a superior alternative to existing MIMO designs for compact, high-performance Sub-6 GHz 5G applicationsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionUniversitat Ramon Llull. La SalleManipal Institute of TechnologyIgnionLondon Metropolitan University2025202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/article22 p.application/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/5582https://doi.org/10.3390/s25113557reponame:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llullinstname:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)IndeterminadoMDPI© L'autor/aAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dau.url.edu:20.500.14342/55822026-06-21T06:40:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
title A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
spellingShingle A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
JOHN, DEEPTHI MARIAM
Sub-6 GHz
Antenna array
MIMO
CMA
SAR
Flexible
537
62
621.3
title_short A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
title_full A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
title_fullStr A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
title_full_unstemmed A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
title_sort A dual-band flexible MIMO array antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communications
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv JOHN, DEEPTHI MARIAM
Ali, Tanweer
Vincent, Shweta
Pathan, Sameena
Anguera, Jaume
VIRDEE, BAL
MOHAN DAVID, RAJIV
NAYAK, kRISHNAMURTHY
P G, Sudheesh
author JOHN, DEEPTHI MARIAM
author_facet JOHN, DEEPTHI MARIAM
Ali, Tanweer
Vincent, Shweta
Pathan, Sameena
Anguera, Jaume
VIRDEE, BAL
MOHAN DAVID, RAJIV
NAYAK, kRISHNAMURTHY
P G, Sudheesh
author_role author
author2 Ali, Tanweer
Vincent, Shweta
Pathan, Sameena
Anguera, Jaume
VIRDEE, BAL
MOHAN DAVID, RAJIV
NAYAK, kRISHNAMURTHY
P G, Sudheesh
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universitat Ramon Llull. La Salle
Manipal Institute of Technology
Ignion
London Metropolitan University
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Sub-6 GHz
Antenna array
MIMO
CMA
SAR
Flexible
537
62
621.3
topic Sub-6 GHz
Antenna array
MIMO
CMA
SAR
Flexible
537
62
621.3
description This paper presents a novel dual-band flexible antenna, uniquely designed and extended to array as well as MIMO configurations for the Sub-6 GHz band. The single-element monopole antenna features a modified rectangular radiator with two L-strips and a reduced ground plane, enabling a compact dual-band response. The proposed four-element, two-port MIMO configuration is extended from the 1 × 2 array antenna, achieving an overall dimension of 57 × 50 × 0.1 mm3, making it exceptionally compact and flexible compared to existing rigid and bulkier designs. Operating in the 3.6–3.8 GHz and 5.65–5.95 GHz bands, the antenna delivers a high gain of 5.2 dBi and 7.7 dBi, outperforming many designs in terms of gain while maintaining the superior isolation of >22 dB utilizing a defected ground structure (DGS). The design satisfies key MIMO diversity metrics (ECC < 0.05, DG > 9.99) and demonstrates low SAR values (0.0702/0.25 W/kg at 3.75 GHz and 0.175/0.507 W/kg at 5.9 GHz), making it highly suitable for wearable and on-body communication, unlike many rigid counterparts. Fabricated on a flexible polyimide substrate, the antenna addresses challenges such as size, bandwidth, isolation, and safety in MIMO antenna design. The performance, validated through fabrication and measurement, establishes the proposed antenna as a superior alternative to existing MIMO designs for compact, high-performance Sub-6 GHz 5G applications
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/5582
https://doi.org/10.3390/s25113557
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/5582
https://doi.org/10.3390/s25113557
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Indeterminado
language_invalid_str_mv Indeterminado
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv © L'autor/a
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv © L'autor/a
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 22 p.
application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
instname:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
instname_str Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
reponame_str DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
collection DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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