Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe

The Neolithic (i.e., farming and stockbreeding) spread from the Near East across Europe since about 9000 years before the common era (BCE) until about 4000 yr BCE. It followed two main routes, namely a sea route along the northern Mediterranean coast and an inland one across the Balkans and central...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Fort, Joaquim, Pérez Losada, Joaquim
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10256/25274
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25274
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Neolític -- Models matemàtics
Neolithic period -- Mathematical models
Difusió cultural -- Models matemàtics
Culture diffusion -- Mathematical models
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spelling Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in EuropeFort, JoaquimPérez Losada, JoaquimNeolític -- Models matemàticsNeolithic period -- Mathematical modelsDifusió cultural -- Models matemàticsCulture diffusion -- Mathematical modelsThe Neolithic (i.e., farming and stockbreeding) spread from the Near East across Europe since about 9000 years before the common era (BCE) until about 4000 yr BCE. It followed two main routes, namely a sea route along the northern Mediterranean coast and an inland one across the Balkans and central Europe. It is known that the dispersive behavior of farmers depended on geography, with longer movements along the Mediterranean coast than along the inland route. In sharp contrast, here we show that for both routes the percentage of farmers who interbred with hunter-gatherers and/or acculturated one of them was strikingly the same (about 3.6%). Therefore, whereas the dispersive behavior depended on the proximity to the Mediterranean sea, the interaction behavior (incorporation of hunter-gatherers) did not depend on geographical constraints but only on the transition in the subsistence economy (from hunting and gathering to farming) and its associated way of life. These conclusions are reached by analyzing the clines of haplogroup K, which was virtually absent in hunter-gatherers and the most frequent mitochondrial haplogroup in early farmers. Similarly, the most frequent Y-chromosome Neolithic haplogroup (G2a) displays an inland cline that agrees with the percentage of interbreeding reported aboveNature Publishing Group2024info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpeer-reviewedapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10256/25274http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25274Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, art.núm. 7032Articles publicats (D-F)Fort, Joaquim Pérez Losada, Joaquim 2024 Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe Nature Communications 15 art.núm. 7032reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41467-024-51335-4info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2041-1723Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10256/252742026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
title Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
spellingShingle Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
Fort, Joaquim
Neolític -- Models matemàtics
Neolithic period -- Mathematical models
Difusió cultural -- Models matemàtics
Culture diffusion -- Mathematical models
title_short Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
title_full Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
title_fullStr Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
title_full_unstemmed Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
title_sort Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Fort, Joaquim
Pérez Losada, Joaquim
author Fort, Joaquim
author_facet Fort, Joaquim
Pérez Losada, Joaquim
author_role author
author2 Pérez Losada, Joaquim
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Neolític -- Models matemàtics
Neolithic period -- Mathematical models
Difusió cultural -- Models matemàtics
Culture diffusion -- Mathematical models
topic Neolític -- Models matemàtics
Neolithic period -- Mathematical models
Difusió cultural -- Models matemàtics
Culture diffusion -- Mathematical models
description The Neolithic (i.e., farming and stockbreeding) spread from the Near East across Europe since about 9000 years before the common era (BCE) until about 4000 yr BCE. It followed two main routes, namely a sea route along the northern Mediterranean coast and an inland one across the Balkans and central Europe. It is known that the dispersive behavior of farmers depended on geography, with longer movements along the Mediterranean coast than along the inland route. In sharp contrast, here we show that for both routes the percentage of farmers who interbred with hunter-gatherers and/or acculturated one of them was strikingly the same (about 3.6%). Therefore, whereas the dispersive behavior depended on the proximity to the Mediterranean sea, the interaction behavior (incorporation of hunter-gatherers) did not depend on geographical constraints but only on the transition in the subsistence economy (from hunting and gathering to farming) and its associated way of life. These conclusions are reached by analyzing the clines of haplogroup K, which was virtually absent in hunter-gatherers and the most frequent mitochondrial haplogroup in early farmers. Similarly, the most frequent Y-chromosome Neolithic haplogroup (G2a) displays an inland cline that agrees with the percentage of interbreeding reported above
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
peer-reviewed
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25274
http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25274
url http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25274
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41467-024-51335-4
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2041-1723
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Publishing Group
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Publishing Group
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, art.núm. 7032
Articles publicats (D-F)
Fort, Joaquim Pérez Losada, Joaquim 2024 Interbreeding between farmers and hunter-gatherers along the inland and Mediterranean routes of Neolithic spread in Europe Nature Communications 15 art.núm. 7032
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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