Self-testing of a single quantum system from theory to experiment

Self-testing allows one to characterise quantum systems under minimal assumptions. However, existing schemes rely on quantum nonlocality and cannot be applied to systems that are not entangled. Here, we introduce a robust method that achieves self-testing of individual systems by taking advantage of...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Hu, Xiao-Min, Xie, Yi, Arora, Atul Singh, Ai, Ming-Zhong, Bharti, Kishor, Zhang, Jie, Wu, Wei, Chen, Ping Xing, Cui, Jin Ming, Liu, Bi-Heng, Huang, Yun-Feng, Li, Chuan-Feng, Guo, Guang-Can, Roland, Jérémie, Cabello Quintero, Adán, Kwek, Leong-Chuan
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2023
Country:España
Institution:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repository:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/149939
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/149939
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-023-00769-7
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Single quantum system
Klyachko-Can-Binicioğlu-Shumovsky inequality
Description
Summary:Self-testing allows one to characterise quantum systems under minimal assumptions. However, existing schemes rely on quantum nonlocality and cannot be applied to systems that are not entangled. Here, we introduce a robust method that achieves self-testing of individual systems by taking advantage of contextuality. The scheme is based on the simplest contextuality witness for the simplest contextual quantum system—the Klyachko-Can-Binicioğlu-Shumovsky inequality for the qutrit. We establish a lower bound on the fidelity of the state and the measurements as a function of the value of the witness under a pragmatic assumption on the measurements. We apply the method in an experiment on a single trapped 40Ca+ using randomly chosen measurements and perfect detection efficiency. Using the observed statistics, we obtain an experimental demonstration of self-testing of a single quantum system.