Recovery of germanium from leach solutions of fly ash using solvent extraction with various extractants
The solvent extraction of germanium and some heavy metals by commercial tri-octyl/decyl amine (Alamine 336), N-methyl-N, N-dioctyl chloride (Aliquat 336) and phosphine oxide (Cyanex 923) has been studied. In each extraction system, germanium was only extracted from a solution containing nickel, cadm...
| Autores: | , , , |
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| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Data de publicação: | 2017 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositório: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/111817 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/111817 https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2017.11.006 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | Chemical engineering Extraction (Chemistry) Germanium Solvent extraction Alamine 336 Aliquat 336 Cyanex 923 Fly ashes Enginyeria química Extracció (Química) Germani Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria química |
| Resumo: | The solvent extraction of germanium and some heavy metals by commercial tri-octyl/decyl amine (Alamine 336), N-methyl-N, N-dioctyl chloride (Aliquat 336) and phosphine oxide (Cyanex 923) has been studied. In each extraction system, germanium was only extracted from a solution containing nickel, cadmium, cobalt, and zinc, which had a composition similar to gasification coal fly ash aqueous leach solutions. Under a comparable condition, the germanium extraction efficiency by the aforementioned extractants was in the order Aliquat 336 > Alamine 336 > Cyanex 923. The slope analysis method showed that 2 moles of Alamine 336 and Aliquat 336, as well as 4 moles of Cyanex 923, participated in the extraction of germanium. In amine extraction systems, tartaric acid was required as a complexant used to convert germanium to anionic species. As a result, the ratio of 2 (mole ration of tartaric acid to Ge) was required to complete anionic complexation. On the other hand, oxalic acid with a concentration of 0.1 M was chosen as a proper solvated complexant in the Cyanex 923 system. HCl solutions with concentrations of 1 and 2 M can properly strip germanium from the loaded Alamine 336 and Aliquat 336, respectively. In addition, 0.1 M NaOH was sufficient for germanium stripping from Cyanex 923. Consequently, it can be concluded that Aliquat 336 can be an economical and industry-friendly extractant for germanium solvent extraction from a mixed solution. |
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