Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk

Monitoring indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is essential in healthcare facilities, particularly in hemodialysis (HD) units where vulnerable patients remain for 4–5 h per session several times per week. This study conducted an integrated assessment of hygrothermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ),...

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Autores: Rodríguez, Diana, Jiménez, Elena, Quiles Zafra, Rafael, Acosta García, Ignacio Javier, Bustamante, Pedro, Campano, Miguel Ángel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/177205
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/177205
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113753
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Hemodialysis clinics
Indoor air quality
Ventilation
Hygrothermal comfort
Airborne infection risk
Vulnerable occupants
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spelling Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative riskRodríguez, DianaJiménez, ElenaQuiles Zafra, RafaelAcosta García, Ignacio JavierBustamante, PedroCampano, Miguel ÁngelHemodialysis clinicsIndoor air qualityVentilationHygrothermal comfortAirborne infection riskVulnerable occupantsMonitoring indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is essential in healthcare facilities, particularly in hemodialysis (HD) units where vulnerable patients remain for 4–5 h per session several times per week. This study conducted an integrated assessment of hygrothermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ), and airborne infection risk in an HD unit under two scenarios: natural ventilation and controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV). IAQ was evaluated through CO2, benzene, formaldehyde, ozone, and particulate matter (PM0.3, PM2.5, PM10), while hygrothermal comfort was monitored via air temperature and humidity, Relative infection risk was estimated using CO₂-based modeling adapted from the Wells–Riley approach. Results showed that CMV maintained CO₂ below 800 ppm, meeting Spanish regulatory standards, whereas natural ventilation was insufficient despite high envelope permeability. PM2.5 and PM10 remained within WHO guidelines, but peaks of PM0.3 were observed, emphasizing the need for finer particle control. Infection risk was strongly influenced by activity level and mask use, with healthcare workers posing greater risk than patients. Deficient filter maintenance compromised pollutant removal, occasionally increasing PM during CMV operation. These findings highlight the necessity of optimized and well-maintained ventilation systems to balance air quality, comfort, and infection control in HD environments, offering methodological insights extendable to other healthcare settings.ElsevierConstrucciones Arquitectónicas I2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/177205https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113753reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)EspañolBuilding and Environment, 286, 113753.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132325012235info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:idus.us.es:11441/1772052026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
title Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
spellingShingle Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
Rodríguez, Diana
Hemodialysis clinics
Indoor air quality
Ventilation
Hygrothermal comfort
Airborne infection risk
Vulnerable occupants
title_short Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
title_full Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
title_fullStr Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
title_full_unstemmed Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
title_sort Integral analysis of indoor environmental quality in a hemodialysis unit: Indoor air quality and airborne diseases relative risk
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Rodríguez, Diana
Jiménez, Elena
Quiles Zafra, Rafael
Acosta García, Ignacio Javier
Bustamante, Pedro
Campano, Miguel Ángel
author Rodríguez, Diana
author_facet Rodríguez, Diana
Jiménez, Elena
Quiles Zafra, Rafael
Acosta García, Ignacio Javier
Bustamante, Pedro
Campano, Miguel Ángel
author_role author
author2 Jiménez, Elena
Quiles Zafra, Rafael
Acosta García, Ignacio Javier
Bustamante, Pedro
Campano, Miguel Ángel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Construcciones Arquitectónicas I
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Hemodialysis clinics
Indoor air quality
Ventilation
Hygrothermal comfort
Airborne infection risk
Vulnerable occupants
topic Hemodialysis clinics
Indoor air quality
Ventilation
Hygrothermal comfort
Airborne infection risk
Vulnerable occupants
description Monitoring indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is essential in healthcare facilities, particularly in hemodialysis (HD) units where vulnerable patients remain for 4–5 h per session several times per week. This study conducted an integrated assessment of hygrothermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ), and airborne infection risk in an HD unit under two scenarios: natural ventilation and controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV). IAQ was evaluated through CO2, benzene, formaldehyde, ozone, and particulate matter (PM0.3, PM2.5, PM10), while hygrothermal comfort was monitored via air temperature and humidity, Relative infection risk was estimated using CO₂-based modeling adapted from the Wells–Riley approach. Results showed that CMV maintained CO₂ below 800 ppm, meeting Spanish regulatory standards, whereas natural ventilation was insufficient despite high envelope permeability. PM2.5 and PM10 remained within WHO guidelines, but peaks of PM0.3 were observed, emphasizing the need for finer particle control. Infection risk was strongly influenced by activity level and mask use, with healthcare workers posing greater risk than patients. Deficient filter maintenance compromised pollutant removal, occasionally increasing PM during CMV operation. These findings highlight the necessity of optimized and well-maintained ventilation systems to balance air quality, comfort, and infection control in HD environments, offering methodological insights extendable to other healthcare settings.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/177205
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113753
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/177205
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113753
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Español
language_invalid_str_mv Español
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Building and Environment, 286, 113753.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132325012235
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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