Algebraic statistics in phylogenetic reconstruction: incorporating invariable sites
In modern phylogenetics, when comparing sequences of DNA the traditional approach assumes that nu- cleotide substitutions follow a Markov model, that sites on a DNA sequence evolve independently and in the same way. However, recent studies have shown that some positions in DNA sequences remain invar...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/392846 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/392846 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Markov processes Biomathematics Phylogenetic tree Markov process flattening invariable parameters invariable sites Markov, Processos de Biomatemàtica Classificació AMS::92 Biology and other natural sciences Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística |
| Sumario: | In modern phylogenetics, when comparing sequences of DNA the traditional approach assumes that nu- cleotide substitutions follow a Markov model, that sites on a DNA sequence evolve independently and in the same way. However, recent studies have shown that some positions in DNA sequences remain invariant. This thesis aims to investigate cases where certain regions of DNA sequences do not change throughout the evolutionary process. The approach, inspired by the work of Allman and Rhodes in [1], considers a model where a proportion of sites in the DNA sequences cannot vary, while the remaining sites are variable. This model is referred to as the general Markov model plus invariable sites (GM + I ). In [1] they obtain formulae to recover the called invariable parameters involved in the GM + I model. We implement a computational method based on this proposition using Python and evaluate its performance using simulated data. The performance of the method is analyzed in different situations, and potential improvements and variations based on our findings are suggested. |
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