Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis

Wearable lactate sensors for sweat analysis are highly appealing for both the sports and healthcare fields. Electrochemical biosensing is the approach most widely used for lactate determination, and this technology generally demonstrates a linear range of response far below the expected lactate leve...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Xuan, Xing, Pérez Rafols, Clara, Chen, Chen, Cuartero, Maria, Crespo, Gaston A.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
Repositorio:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.ucam.edu:10952/7269
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10952/7269
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.1c01009
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Lactate biosensor
Diffusion limiting membranes
Real-time monitoring
Sweat analysis
Wearable sensors
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spelling Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat AnalysisXuan, XingPérez Rafols, ClaraChen, ChenCuartero, MariaCrespo, Gaston A.Lactate biosensorDiffusion limiting membranesReal-time monitoringSweat analysisWearable sensorsWearable lactate sensors for sweat analysis are highly appealing for both the sports and healthcare fields. Electrochemical biosensing is the approach most widely used for lactate determination, and this technology generally demonstrates a linear range of response far below the expected lactate levels in sweat together with a high influence of pH and temperature. In this work, we present a novel analytical strategy based on the restriction of the lactate flux that reaches the enzyme lactate oxidase, which is immobilized in the biosensor core. This is accomplished by means of an outer plasticized polymeric layer containing the quaternary salt tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate (traditionally known as ETH500). Also, this layer prevents the enzyme from being in direct contact with the sample, and hence, any influence with the pH and temperature is dramatically reduced. An expanded limit of detection in the millimolar range (from 1 to 50 mM) is demonstrated with this new biosensor, in addition to an acceptable response time; appropriate repeatability, reproducibility, and reversibility (variations lower than 5% for the sensitivity); good resiliency; excellent selectivity; low drift; negligible influence of the flow rate; and extraordinary correlation (Pearson coefficient of 0.97) with a standardized method for lactate detection such as ion chromatography (through analysis of 22 sweat samples collected from 6 different subjects performing cycling or running). The developed lactate biosensor is suitable for on-body sweat lactate monitoring via a microfluidic epidermal patch additionally containing pH and temperature sensors. This applicability was demonstrated in three different body locations (forehead, thigh, and back) in a total of five on-body tests while cycling, achieving appropriate performance and validation. Moreover, the epidermal patch for lactate sensing is convenient for the analysis of sweat stimulated by iontophoresis in the subjects’ arm, which is of great potential toward healthcare applications.Farmacia2021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10952/7269https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.1c01009reponame:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murciainstname:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.ucam.edu:10952/72692026-06-07T18:35:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
title Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
spellingShingle Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
Xuan, Xing
Lactate biosensor
Diffusion limiting membranes
Real-time monitoring
Sweat analysis
Wearable sensors
title_short Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
title_full Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
title_fullStr Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
title_sort Lactate Biosensing for Reliable On-Body Sweat Analysis
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Xuan, Xing
Pérez Rafols, Clara
Chen, Chen
Cuartero, Maria
Crespo, Gaston A.
author Xuan, Xing
author_facet Xuan, Xing
Pérez Rafols, Clara
Chen, Chen
Cuartero, Maria
Crespo, Gaston A.
author_role author
author2 Pérez Rafols, Clara
Chen, Chen
Cuartero, Maria
Crespo, Gaston A.
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Lactate biosensor
Diffusion limiting membranes
Real-time monitoring
Sweat analysis
Wearable sensors
topic Lactate biosensor
Diffusion limiting membranes
Real-time monitoring
Sweat analysis
Wearable sensors
description Wearable lactate sensors for sweat analysis are highly appealing for both the sports and healthcare fields. Electrochemical biosensing is the approach most widely used for lactate determination, and this technology generally demonstrates a linear range of response far below the expected lactate levels in sweat together with a high influence of pH and temperature. In this work, we present a novel analytical strategy based on the restriction of the lactate flux that reaches the enzyme lactate oxidase, which is immobilized in the biosensor core. This is accomplished by means of an outer plasticized polymeric layer containing the quaternary salt tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate (traditionally known as ETH500). Also, this layer prevents the enzyme from being in direct contact with the sample, and hence, any influence with the pH and temperature is dramatically reduced. An expanded limit of detection in the millimolar range (from 1 to 50 mM) is demonstrated with this new biosensor, in addition to an acceptable response time; appropriate repeatability, reproducibility, and reversibility (variations lower than 5% for the sensitivity); good resiliency; excellent selectivity; low drift; negligible influence of the flow rate; and extraordinary correlation (Pearson coefficient of 0.97) with a standardized method for lactate detection such as ion chromatography (through analysis of 22 sweat samples collected from 6 different subjects performing cycling or running). The developed lactate biosensor is suitable for on-body sweat lactate monitoring via a microfluidic epidermal patch additionally containing pH and temperature sensors. This applicability was demonstrated in three different body locations (forehead, thigh, and back) in a total of five on-body tests while cycling, achieving appropriate performance and validation. Moreover, the epidermal patch for lactate sensing is convenient for the analysis of sweat stimulated by iontophoresis in the subjects’ arm, which is of great potential toward healthcare applications.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10952/7269
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.1c01009
url http://hdl.handle.net/10952/7269
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.1c01009
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
instname:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
instname_str Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
reponame_str RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
collection RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.301603

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