6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals

We report the first time-synchronized protocol stack running on a crystal-free device. We use an early prototype of the Single-Chip micro Mote, SCμM, a single-chip 2 × 3 mm2 mote-on-a-chip, which features an ARM Cortex-M0 micro-controller and an IEEE802.15.4 radio. This prototype consists of an FPGA...

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Autores: Chang, Tengfei, Watteyne, Thomas, Wheeler, Brad, Maksimovic, Filip, Khan, Osama, Mesri, Sahar, Lee, Lydia, Suciu, Ioana, Burnett, David C., Vilajosana, Xavier, Pister, Kris
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)
Repositorio:O2, repositorio institucional de la UOC
OAI Identifier:oai:openaccess.uoc.edu:10609/148564
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10609/148564
https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071912
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:crystal-free
6TiSCH
SCμM
smart dust
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spelling 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without CrystalsChang, TengfeiWatteyne, ThomasWheeler, BradMaksimovic, FilipKhan, OsamaMesri, SaharLee, LydiaSuciu, IoanaBurnett, David C.Vilajosana, XavierPister, Kriscrystal-free6TiSCHSCμMsmart dustWe report the first time-synchronized protocol stack running on a crystal-free device. We use an early prototype of the Single-Chip micro Mote, SCμM, a single-chip 2 × 3 mm2 mote-on-a-chip, which features an ARM Cortex-M0 micro-controller and an IEEE802.15.4 radio. This prototype consists of an FPGA version of the micro-controller, connected to the SCμM chip which implements the radio front-end. We port OpenWSN, a reference implementation of a synchronized protocol stack, onto SCμM. The challenge is that SCμM has only on-chip oscillators, with no absolute time reference such as a crystal. We use two calibration steps – receiving packets via the on-chip optical receiver and RF transceiver – to initially calibrate the oscillators on SCμM so that it can send frames to an off-the-shelf IEEE802.15.4 radio. We then use a digital trimming compensation algorithm based on tick skipping to turn a 567 ppm apparent drift into a 10 ppm drift. This allows us to run a full-featured standards-compliant 6TiSCH network between one SCμM and one OpenMote. This is a step towards realizing the smart dust vision of ultra-small and cheap ubiquitous wireless devices.MDPI202320232020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10609/148564https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071912reponame:O2, repositorio institucional de la UOCinstname:Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)InglésSensors, 2020, 20(7)https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/7/1912CC BYhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:openaccess.uoc.edu:10609/1485642026-05-28T12:42:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
title 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
spellingShingle 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
Chang, Tengfei
crystal-free
6TiSCH
SCμM
smart dust
title_short 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
title_full 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
title_fullStr 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
title_full_unstemmed 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
title_sort 6TiSCH on SCμM: Running a Synchronized Protocol Stack without Crystals
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Chang, Tengfei
Watteyne, Thomas
Wheeler, Brad
Maksimovic, Filip
Khan, Osama
Mesri, Sahar
Lee, Lydia
Suciu, Ioana
Burnett, David C.
Vilajosana, Xavier
Pister, Kris
author Chang, Tengfei
author_facet Chang, Tengfei
Watteyne, Thomas
Wheeler, Brad
Maksimovic, Filip
Khan, Osama
Mesri, Sahar
Lee, Lydia
Suciu, Ioana
Burnett, David C.
Vilajosana, Xavier
Pister, Kris
author_role author
author2 Watteyne, Thomas
Wheeler, Brad
Maksimovic, Filip
Khan, Osama
Mesri, Sahar
Lee, Lydia
Suciu, Ioana
Burnett, David C.
Vilajosana, Xavier
Pister, Kris
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv crystal-free
6TiSCH
SCμM
smart dust
topic crystal-free
6TiSCH
SCμM
smart dust
description We report the first time-synchronized protocol stack running on a crystal-free device. We use an early prototype of the Single-Chip micro Mote, SCμM, a single-chip 2 × 3 mm2 mote-on-a-chip, which features an ARM Cortex-M0 micro-controller and an IEEE802.15.4 radio. This prototype consists of an FPGA version of the micro-controller, connected to the SCμM chip which implements the radio front-end. We port OpenWSN, a reference implementation of a synchronized protocol stack, onto SCμM. The challenge is that SCμM has only on-chip oscillators, with no absolute time reference such as a crystal. We use two calibration steps – receiving packets via the on-chip optical receiver and RF transceiver – to initially calibrate the oscillators on SCμM so that it can send frames to an off-the-shelf IEEE802.15.4 radio. We then use a digital trimming compensation algorithm based on tick skipping to turn a 567 ppm apparent drift into a 10 ppm drift. This allows us to run a full-featured standards-compliant 6TiSCH network between one SCμM and one OpenMote. This is a step towards realizing the smart dust vision of ultra-small and cheap ubiquitous wireless devices.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2023
2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10609/148564
https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071912
url http://hdl.handle.net/10609/148564
https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071912
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Sensors, 2020, 20(7)
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/7/1912
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv CC BY
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv CC BY
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:O2, repositorio institucional de la UOC
instname:Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)
instname_str Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)
reponame_str O2, repositorio institucional de la UOC
collection O2, repositorio institucional de la UOC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300724

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