In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958

[EN] This article addresses the Brazilian interpretation of the Day of the Indian, a hemispheric indigenista celebration created in 1940 and observed in Brazil since 1944. It especially focuses on the prominence of the figure of Cuauhtémoc after the Mexican government sent a monument of the ‘Aztec h...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Giraudo, Laura
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/306375
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/306375
https://doi.org/10.1080/17442222.2022.2041349
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Araribóia
Brazil
Cuauhtémoc
Day of the Indian
Indian heroes
Indigenismo
Brasil
Día del Indio
Héroes indígenas
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spelling In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958Giraudo, LauraAraribóiaBrazilCuauhtémocDay of the IndianIndian heroesIndigenismoBrasilDía del IndioHéroes indígenas[EN] This article addresses the Brazilian interpretation of the Day of the Indian, a hemispheric indigenista celebration created in 1940 and observed in Brazil since 1944. It especially focuses on the prominence of the figure of Cuauhtémoc after the Mexican government sent a monument of the ‘Aztec hero’ to Brazil in 1922. The arrival of the Cuauhtémoc monument in Rio de Janeiro triggered a debate about who Brazil’s Indian hero should be, which continued until 1965 when a sculpture of the ‘Indian’ Araribóia was placed in Niteroi, on the other side of the Guanabara Bay. In the Day of the Indian ritual, the figure of Araribóia achieves some importance, but no autochthonous local figure could displace the mighty Cuauhtémoc and his status as Amerindian hero. The analysis of these specific stagings suggests a strong connection between the public displays of the ‘Indian heroes’ and the concomitant processes of national institutionalization and international recognition of Brazilian indigenismo. In the end, the heroic figures promoted by the Day of the Indian were not the Indians, but the indigenistas themselves. Their model, General Rondon, would be recognized in 1958, the year of his death, as "Indigenist hero"El articulo analiza la versión brasileña de los rituales asociados al ‘Día del Indio,’ una celebración indigenista continental creada en 1940 y celebrada en Brasil desde 1944. En particular, aborda el protagonismo de la figura de Cuauhtémoc, cuya estatua había llegado de México a Rio de Janeiro en 1922, provocando un debate acerca de cuál debía ser el héroe indígena brasileño, retomado en distintas ocasiones, hasta que, en 1965, se instaló en Niteroi (al otro lado de la bahía de Guanabara) una estatua del ‘indio’ Araribóia. En las celebraciones del Día del Indio, la figura de Araribóia adquiere cierta presencia, si bien ningún héroe autóctono local consiguió desplazar a la poderosa figura del ‘héroe azteca,’ que asume en el ritual el perfil de ‘héroe amerindio.’ El análisis de estas puestas en escena revela una profunda relación entre la exposición pública de los ‘héroes indígenas’ y el paralelo proceso de institucionalización nacional y reconocimiento internacional del indigenismo brasileño. Finalmente, las figuras heroicas que promueve y refuerza el Día del Indio no son los indígenas, sino los propios indigenistas. Su modelo, el general Rondon, alcanzará en 1958, el año de su muerte, su mayor reconocimiento como "héroe indigenista"Peer reviewedTaylor & FrancisGiraudo, Laura [0000-0001-9072-6435]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202320232022info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/306375https://doi.org/10.1080/17442222.2022.2041349reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17442222.2022.2041349Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3063752026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
title In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
spellingShingle In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
Giraudo, Laura
Araribóia
Brazil
Cuauhtémoc
Day of the Indian
Indian heroes
Indigenismo
Brasil
Día del Indio
Héroes indígenas
title_short In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
title_full In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
title_fullStr In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
title_full_unstemmed In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
title_sort In the Shadow of Cuauhtémoc: Commemorative Sculptures, Indigenous Heroes and Indigenismo in Mexico and Brazil, 1944-1958
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Giraudo, Laura
author Giraudo, Laura
author_facet Giraudo, Laura
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Giraudo, Laura [0000-0001-9072-6435]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Araribóia
Brazil
Cuauhtémoc
Day of the Indian
Indian heroes
Indigenismo
Brasil
Día del Indio
Héroes indígenas
topic Araribóia
Brazil
Cuauhtémoc
Day of the Indian
Indian heroes
Indigenismo
Brasil
Día del Indio
Héroes indígenas
description [EN] This article addresses the Brazilian interpretation of the Day of the Indian, a hemispheric indigenista celebration created in 1940 and observed in Brazil since 1944. It especially focuses on the prominence of the figure of Cuauhtémoc after the Mexican government sent a monument of the ‘Aztec hero’ to Brazil in 1922. The arrival of the Cuauhtémoc monument in Rio de Janeiro triggered a debate about who Brazil’s Indian hero should be, which continued until 1965 when a sculpture of the ‘Indian’ Araribóia was placed in Niteroi, on the other side of the Guanabara Bay. In the Day of the Indian ritual, the figure of Araribóia achieves some importance, but no autochthonous local figure could displace the mighty Cuauhtémoc and his status as Amerindian hero. The analysis of these specific stagings suggests a strong connection between the public displays of the ‘Indian heroes’ and the concomitant processes of national institutionalization and international recognition of Brazilian indigenismo. In the end, the heroic figures promoted by the Day of the Indian were not the Indians, but the indigenistas themselves. Their model, General Rondon, would be recognized in 1958, the year of his death, as "Indigenist hero"
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2023
2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/306375
https://doi.org/10.1080/17442222.2022.2041349
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/306375
https://doi.org/10.1080/17442222.2022.2041349
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1080/17442222.2022.2041349
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Taylor & Francis
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Taylor & Francis
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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