Chloride as a macronutrient increases water-use efficiency by anatomically driven reduced stomatal conductance and increased mesophyll diffusion to CO2

Chloride (Cl−) has been recently described as a beneficial macronutrient, playing specific roles in promoting plant growth and water-use efficiency (WUE). However, it is still unclear how Cl− could be beneficial, especially in comparison with nitrate (NO3 −), an essential source of nitrogen that sha...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Franco Navarro, Juan de Dios, Rosales Villegas, Miguel Ángel, Cubero Font, Paloma, Álvarez Morales, Rosario, Calvo Ruiz, Purificación, Díaz Espejo, Antonio, Colmenero Flores, José Manuel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/133544
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/133544
https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14423
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Beneficial macronutrient
Chloride nutrition
Chloroplast
Mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO2
Nicotiana tabacum
Nitrate
Photosynthesis
Stomatal conductance
Stomatal density
Water-use efficiency
Descripción
Sumario:Chloride (Cl−) has been recently described as a beneficial macronutrient, playing specific roles in promoting plant growth and water-use efficiency (WUE). However, it is still unclear how Cl− could be beneficial, especially in comparison with nitrate (NO3 −), an essential source of nitrogen that shares with Cl− similar physical and osmotic properties, as well as common transport mechanisms. In tobacco plants, macronutrient levels of Cl− specifically reduce stomatal conductance (gs) without a concomitant reduction in the net photosynthesis rate (AN). As stomata-mediated water loss through transpiration is inherent in the need of C3 plants to capture CO2, simultaneous increase in photosynthesis and WUE is of great relevance to achieve a sustainable increase in C3 crop productivity. Our results showed that Cl−-mediated stimulation of larger leaf cells leads to a reduction in stomatal density, which in turn reduces gs and water consumption. Conversely, Cl− improves mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO2 (gm) and photosynthetic performance due to a higher surface area of chloroplasts exposed to the intercellular airspace of mesophyll cells, possibly as a consequence of the stimulation of chloroplast biogenesis. A key finding of this study is the simultaneous improvement of AN and WUE due to macronutrient Cl− nutrition. This work identifies relevant and specific functions in which Cl− participates as a beneficial macronutrient for higher plants, uncovering a sustainable approach to improve crop yield.