Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach

Prior research into bystander responses to hate speech has utilized variable-centered analyses — such approaches risk simplifying the complex nature of bystander behaviors. Hence, the present study used a person-centered analysis to investigate latent hate speech bystander profiles. In addition, ind...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Wachs, Sebastian, Wettstein, Alexander, Bilz, Ludwig, Espelage, Dorothy L, Wright, Michelle F., Gámez Guadix, Manuel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/720176
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10486/720176
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-024-01968-x
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Hate speech
Bystanders
School climate
Social skills
Latent profile analysis
Multilevel modelling
Psicología
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spelling Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approachWachs, SebastianWettstein, AlexanderBilz, LudwigEspelage, Dorothy LWright, Michelle F.Gámez Guadix, ManuelHate speechBystandersSchool climateSocial skillsLatent profile analysisMultilevel modellingPsicologíaPrior research into bystander responses to hate speech has utilized variable-centered analyses — such approaches risk simplifying the complex nature of bystander behaviors. Hence, the present study used a person-centered analysis to investigate latent hate speech bystander profiles. In addition, individual and classroom-level correlates associated with the various profiles were studied. The sample included 3225 students in grades 7–9 (51.7% self-identified as female; 37.2% with immigrant background) from 215 classrooms in Germany and Switzerland. The latent profile analysis revealed that four distinct profiles could be distinguished: Passive Bystanders (34.2%), Defenders (47.3%), Revengers (9.8%), and Contributors (8.6%). Multilevel logistic regression models showed common and distinct correlates. For example, students who believed that certain social groups are superior were more likely to be Revengers and Contributors than Passive Bystanders, students who felt more connected with teachers were more likely to be Defenders, and students who were more open to diversity were less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. Students were less likely Defenders and more likely Revengers and Contributors than Passive Bystanders in classrooms with high rates of hate speech perpetration. Further, in classrooms with high hate speech intervention, students were more likely to be Defenders and less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. In classrooms with stronger cohesion, students were more likely to be Defenders and less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. In conclusion, the findings add to our understanding of bystander profiles concerning racist hate speech and the relevance of individual and classroom-level factors in explaining various profiles of bystander behaviorOpen Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), grant number WA 4275/2-1; BI 1046/9-1; SCHU 1370/4-1 and the University of Teacher Education Bern, grant number 19 s 0008 01Springer NatureDepartamento de Psicología Biológica y de la SaludFacultad de PsicologíaAbuso Y Violencia En Las Relaciones Interpersonales20242024-03-18research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10486/720176https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-024-01968-xreponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMinstname:Universidad Autónoma de MadridInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/7201762026-06-23T12:46:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
title Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
spellingShingle Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
Wachs, Sebastian
Hate speech
Bystanders
School climate
Social skills
Latent profile analysis
Multilevel modelling
Psicología
title_short Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
title_full Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
title_fullStr Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
title_full_unstemmed Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
title_sort Individual and contextual correlates of latent bystander profiles toward racist hate speech: A multilevel person-centered approach
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Wachs, Sebastian
Wettstein, Alexander
Bilz, Ludwig
Espelage, Dorothy L
Wright, Michelle F.
Gámez Guadix, Manuel
author Wachs, Sebastian
author_facet Wachs, Sebastian
Wettstein, Alexander
Bilz, Ludwig
Espelage, Dorothy L
Wright, Michelle F.
Gámez Guadix, Manuel
author_role author
author2 Wettstein, Alexander
Bilz, Ludwig
Espelage, Dorothy L
Wright, Michelle F.
Gámez Guadix, Manuel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud
Facultad de Psicología
Abuso Y Violencia En Las Relaciones Interpersonales
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Hate speech
Bystanders
School climate
Social skills
Latent profile analysis
Multilevel modelling
Psicología
topic Hate speech
Bystanders
School climate
Social skills
Latent profile analysis
Multilevel modelling
Psicología
description Prior research into bystander responses to hate speech has utilized variable-centered analyses — such approaches risk simplifying the complex nature of bystander behaviors. Hence, the present study used a person-centered analysis to investigate latent hate speech bystander profiles. In addition, individual and classroom-level correlates associated with the various profiles were studied. The sample included 3225 students in grades 7–9 (51.7% self-identified as female; 37.2% with immigrant background) from 215 classrooms in Germany and Switzerland. The latent profile analysis revealed that four distinct profiles could be distinguished: Passive Bystanders (34.2%), Defenders (47.3%), Revengers (9.8%), and Contributors (8.6%). Multilevel logistic regression models showed common and distinct correlates. For example, students who believed that certain social groups are superior were more likely to be Revengers and Contributors than Passive Bystanders, students who felt more connected with teachers were more likely to be Defenders, and students who were more open to diversity were less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. Students were less likely Defenders and more likely Revengers and Contributors than Passive Bystanders in classrooms with high rates of hate speech perpetration. Further, in classrooms with high hate speech intervention, students were more likely to be Defenders and less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. In classrooms with stronger cohesion, students were more likely to be Defenders and less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. In conclusion, the findings add to our understanding of bystander profiles concerning racist hate speech and the relevance of individual and classroom-level factors in explaining various profiles of bystander behavior
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-03-18
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10486/720176
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-024-01968-x
url http://hdl.handle.net/10486/720176
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-024-01968-x
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
instname:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
instname_str Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
reponame_str Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
collection Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
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