Cognition in ungulates: a new perspective in the evolutionary field
[eng] The study of animal cognition has advanced greatly over the century. We now know that many cognitive processes are shared among several species in the animal kingdom. The interest over the evolution of behaviour and cognition of animals is growing among scientists and also among society and th...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de Barcelona |
| Repositorio: | Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/207556 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2445/207556 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/690059 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Cognició Etologia Conducta (Psicologia) Ungulats Cognition Animal behavior Human behavior Ungulates |
| Sumario: | [eng] The study of animal cognition has advanced greatly over the century. We now know that many cognitive processes are shared among several species in the animal kingdom. The interest over the evolution of behaviour and cognition of animals is growing among scientists and also among society and the study of animals now encompasses more species, but some are still greatly underrepresented. In this thesis, we have tested ungulates (i.e. hoofed animals) in cognitive tasks that are broadly used in this field, but that had never been employed in the study species of this thesis. Ungulates are very important animals for our society as they are the main type of species kept in farms, but we barely know anything about how they understand the world. Our better understanding of this animals’ trough behavioural experimentation could improve animal welfare in the near future. Trough the experiments made in this thesis, we showed that giraffes have the ability to find hidden food after short periods of time, have quantity discrimination skills similar to species with much larger relative brain sizes, and are capable of making statistical inferences to find their preferred food, something that had only been shown in a handful of species. We also found notable differences between several ungulate species in cognitive abilities. For example, forest buffalos do not show giraffes' ability to find food after short periods of time. European bison are good problem solvers and can bring an experimenter the tool needed to be fed, when they see the experimenter approaching but not feeding them. What give us a clue that we should not treat all ungulate species in the same way and design enrichments specialized for each of them. On the other side, both domestic and non-domestic ungulates showed basic gaze following abilities. Moreover, in a study comparing more than 10 ungulate species, we found that the individuals less integrated in the group and less neophobic showed a greater ability to display innovative behaviours. Moreover, less neophobic individuals, individuals of domesticated species and having higher fission-fusion dynamics were more likely to participate in the task but not to solve it. Overall, ungulates appear a very interesting taxon to test evolutionary hypotheses on the emergence of cognition, due to the variety of their socio-ecological characteristics and the variation in how they respond to tests. This thesis represents an initial approach towards better comprehending the cognition of this diverse and underrepresented in behavioural science group of animals. |
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