Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current

The carbon cycle of the Arctic Ocean is tightly regulated by land-atmosphere-cryosphere-ocean interactions. Characterizing these environmental exchanges and feedbacks is critical to facilitate projections of the carbon cycle under changing climate conditions. The environmental drivers of sinking par...

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Authors: Sánchez-Vidal, Anna, Veres, Oriol, Langone, Leonardo, Ferré, Bénédicte, Calafat, Antoni, Canals, Miquel, Durrieu de Madron, Xavier, Heussner, Serge, Mienert, Jürgen, Grimalt, Joan O., Pusceddu, Antonio, Danovaro, Roberto
Format: article
Status:Versión aceptada para publicación
Publication Date:2015
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/135226
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/135226
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Fram Strait
Organic carbon
Ice rafted detritus
Particle fluxes
West Spitsbergen current
id ES_eefb7e145d3949b7594e2cd39a5578bb
oai_identifier_str oai:digital.csic.es:10261/135226
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
title Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
spellingShingle Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
Sánchez-Vidal, Anna
Fram Strait
Organic carbon
Ice rafted detritus
Particle fluxes
West Spitsbergen current
title_short Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
title_full Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
title_fullStr Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
title_full_unstemmed Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
title_sort Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen current
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Sánchez-Vidal, Anna
Veres, Oriol
Langone, Leonardo
Ferré, Bénédicte
Calafat, Antoni
Canals, Miquel
Durrieu de Madron, Xavier
Heussner, Serge
Mienert, Jürgen
Grimalt, Joan O.
Pusceddu, Antonio
Danovaro, Roberto
author Sánchez-Vidal, Anna
author_facet Sánchez-Vidal, Anna
Veres, Oriol
Langone, Leonardo
Ferré, Bénédicte
Calafat, Antoni
Canals, Miquel
Durrieu de Madron, Xavier
Heussner, Serge
Mienert, Jürgen
Grimalt, Joan O.
Pusceddu, Antonio
Danovaro, Roberto
author_role author
author2 Veres, Oriol
Langone, Leonardo
Ferré, Bénédicte
Calafat, Antoni
Canals, Miquel
Durrieu de Madron, Xavier
Heussner, Serge
Mienert, Jürgen
Grimalt, Joan O.
Pusceddu, Antonio
Danovaro, Roberto
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv European Commission
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Fram Strait
Organic carbon
Ice rafted detritus
Particle fluxes
West Spitsbergen current
topic Fram Strait
Organic carbon
Ice rafted detritus
Particle fluxes
West Spitsbergen current
description The carbon cycle of the Arctic Ocean is tightly regulated by land-atmosphere-cryosphere-ocean interactions. Characterizing these environmental exchanges and feedbacks is critical to facilitate projections of the carbon cycle under changing climate conditions. The environmental drivers of sinking particles including organic carbon (OC) to the deep-sea floor are investigated with four moorings including sediment traps and currentmeters at the Arctic gateway in the eastern Fram Strait, which is the area where warm anomalies are transported northwards to the Arctic. Particles fluxes were collected over one year (July 2010-July 2011) and have been analysed to obtain the content of the lithogenic fraction, calcium carbonate, OC and its stable isotopes, opal, and the grain size. Records of near bottom current speed and temperature along with satellite observations of sea ice extent and chlorophyll-a concentration have been used for evaluation of the environmental conditions.We found increased lithogenic fluxes (up to 9872mgm-2d-1) and coarsening grain size of settling particles in late winter-early spring. At the same time, intensifications of the northward flowing west Spitsbergen current (WSC) were recorded. The WSC was able to resuspend and transport northwards sediments that were deposited at the outlet of Storfjordrenna and on the upper slope west of Spitsbergen. The signal of recurrent winnowing of fine particles was also detected in the top layer of surface sediments. In addition, an increased arrival of sea ice transported ice rafted detritus (>414 detrital carbonate mineral grains larger than 1mm per m2) from the southern Spitsbergen coast along with terrestrial organic matter was observed beyond 1000m of water depth during winter months. Finally, the downward particle fluxes showed typical temporal variability of high latitudes, with high percentages of the biogenic compounds (opal, organic carbon and calcium carbonate) linked to the phytoplankton bloom in spring-summer. However, on an annual basis local planktonic production was a secondary source for the downward OC, since most of the OC was advected laterally by the WSC. Overall, these observations demonstrated the sensitivity of the downward flux of particles to environmental conditions such as hydrodynamics, sea ice rafting, and pelagic primary production. Future alteration of the patterns of natural drivers due to climate change is thus expected to cause major shifts in the downward flux of particles, including carbon, to the deep sea ecosystems. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015
2016
2016
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Postprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/135226
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/135226
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/226354
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.06.002
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Particle sources and downward fluxes in the eastern Fram strait under the influence of the west Spitsbergen currentSánchez-Vidal, AnnaVeres, OriolLangone, LeonardoFerré, BénédicteCalafat, AntoniCanals, MiquelDurrieu de Madron, XavierHeussner, SergeMienert, JürgenGrimalt, Joan O.Pusceddu, AntonioDanovaro, RobertoFram StraitOrganic carbonIce rafted detritusParticle fluxesWest Spitsbergen currentThe carbon cycle of the Arctic Ocean is tightly regulated by land-atmosphere-cryosphere-ocean interactions. Characterizing these environmental exchanges and feedbacks is critical to facilitate projections of the carbon cycle under changing climate conditions. The environmental drivers of sinking particles including organic carbon (OC) to the deep-sea floor are investigated with four moorings including sediment traps and currentmeters at the Arctic gateway in the eastern Fram Strait, which is the area where warm anomalies are transported northwards to the Arctic. Particles fluxes were collected over one year (July 2010-July 2011) and have been analysed to obtain the content of the lithogenic fraction, calcium carbonate, OC and its stable isotopes, opal, and the grain size. Records of near bottom current speed and temperature along with satellite observations of sea ice extent and chlorophyll-a concentration have been used for evaluation of the environmental conditions.We found increased lithogenic fluxes (up to 9872mgm-2d-1) and coarsening grain size of settling particles in late winter-early spring. At the same time, intensifications of the northward flowing west Spitsbergen current (WSC) were recorded. The WSC was able to resuspend and transport northwards sediments that were deposited at the outlet of Storfjordrenna and on the upper slope west of Spitsbergen. The signal of recurrent winnowing of fine particles was also detected in the top layer of surface sediments. In addition, an increased arrival of sea ice transported ice rafted detritus (>414 detrital carbonate mineral grains larger than 1mm per m2) from the southern Spitsbergen coast along with terrestrial organic matter was observed beyond 1000m of water depth during winter months. Finally, the downward particle fluxes showed typical temporal variability of high latitudes, with high percentages of the biogenic compounds (opal, organic carbon and calcium carbonate) linked to the phytoplankton bloom in spring-summer. However, on an annual basis local planktonic production was a secondary source for the downward OC, since most of the OC was advected laterally by the WSC. Overall, these observations demonstrated the sensitivity of the downward flux of particles to environmental conditions such as hydrodynamics, sea ice rafting, and pelagic primary production. Future alteration of the patterns of natural drivers due to climate change is thus expected to cause major shifts in the downward flux of particles, including carbon, to the deep sea ecosystems. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.This research has been supported by the projects HERMIONE (FP7-ENV-2008-1-226354) and GRACCIE-CONSOLIDER (CSD2007-00067), and a Catalan Government Grups de Recerca Consolidats grant (2009 SGR 1305). LL was partly supported by the CNR-DTA project SNOW (Sensor Network for Oceanography in shallow Water - Kongsfjord experiment), and AS by a “Ramon y Cajal” contract from MICINN. BF is affiliated with the Centre of Excellence: Arctic Gas hydrate, Environment and Climate (CAGE) funded by the Norwegian Research Council (grant no. 223259). We are grateful to S. Buenz and the crew of RV Helmer Hansen (University of Tromsø) for their valuable support during the cruises, and R. Duran, S. Kunesch, J. Carbonne, A. Rumin, S. Aliani, and X. Rayo who assisted with the field and laboratory work. This is contribution N. XXXX of the CNR-ISMAR of Bologna.Peer reviewedElsevierEuropean CommissionConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]201620162015info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Postprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/135226reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/226354http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.06.002Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1352262026-05-22T06:33:51Z
score 15,81155

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