Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia

BACKGROUD: Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are enteric protozoan causing gastrointestinal illness in humans and animals. Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis are not formally considered as neglected tropical diseases, but belong to the group of poverty-related infectious diseases that impair...

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Autores: de Lucio, Aida, Amor Aramendia, Aranzazu, Bailo-Barroso, Begoña, Saugar, Jose Maria, Anegagrie, Melaku, Arroyo, Ana, López-Quintana, Beatriz, Zewdie, Derjew, Ayehubizu, Zimmam, Yizengaw, Endalew, Abera, Bayeh, Yimer, Mulat, Mulu, Wondemagen, Hailu, Tadesse, Herrador, Zaida, Fuentes Corripio, Isabel, Carmena, David
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
Repositorio:Repisalud
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/6966
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/6966
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Child
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidium
Ethiopia
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis
Humans
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Genetic Variation
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spelling Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopiade Lucio, AidaAmor Aramendia, AranzazuBailo-Barroso, BegoñaSaugar, Jose MariaAnegagrie, MelakuArroyo, AnaLópez-Quintana, BeatrizZewdie, DerjewAyehubizu, ZimmamYizengaw, EndalewAbera, BayehYimer, MulatMulu, WondemagenHailu, TadesseHerrador, ZaidaFuentes Corripio, IsabelCarmena, DavidChildCryptosporidiosisCryptosporidiumEthiopiaGiardia lambliaGiardiasisHumansPolymerase Chain ReactionPrevalenceGenetic VariationBACKGROUD: Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are enteric protozoan causing gastrointestinal illness in humans and animals. Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis are not formally considered as neglected tropical diseases, but belong to the group of poverty-related infectious diseases that impair the development and socio-economic potential of infected individuals in developing countries. METHODS: We report here the prevalence and genetic diversity of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in children attending rural primary schools in the Bahir Dar district of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Stool samples were collected from 393 children and analysed by molecular methods. G. duodenalis was detected by real-time PCR, and the assemblages and sub-assemblages were determined by multilocus sequence-based genotyping of the glutamate dehydrogenase and β-giardin genes of the parasite. Detection and identification of Cryptosporidium species was carried out by sequencing of a partial fragment of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The PCR-based prevalences of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. were 55.0% (216/393) and 4.6% (18/393), respectively. A total of 78 G. duodenalis isolates were successfully characterized, revealing the presence of sub-assemblages AII (10.3%), BIII (28.2%), and BIV (32.0%). Discordant typing results AII/AIII and BIII/BIV were identified in 7.7% and 15.4% of the isolates, respectively. An additional five (6.4%) isolates were assigned to assemblage B. No mixed infections of assemblages A+B were found. Extensive genetic variation at the nucleotide level was observed within assemblage B (but no within assemblage A), resulting in the identification of a large number of sub-types. Cryptosporidium diversity was demonstrated by the occurrence of C. hominis, C. parvum, and C. viatorum in the population under study. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest an epidemiological scenario with an elevated transmission intensity of a wide range of G. duodenalis genetic variants. Importantly, the elevated degree of genetic diversity observed within assemblage B is consistent with the occurrence of intra-assemblage recombination in G. duodenalis.Public Library of Science (PLOS)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIFundación Mundo Sano20182018-12-2720162016-07-2820162016-07-28research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/6966reponame:Repisaludinstname:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)InglésengES PI13 01106open accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/69662026-06-12T12:43:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
title Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
spellingShingle Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
de Lucio, Aida
Child
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidium
Ethiopia
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis
Humans
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Genetic Variation
title_short Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
title_full Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
title_fullStr Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
title_sort Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. among School Children in a Rural Area of the Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv de Lucio, Aida
Amor Aramendia, Aranzazu
Bailo-Barroso, Begoña
Saugar, Jose Maria
Anegagrie, Melaku
Arroyo, Ana
López-Quintana, Beatriz
Zewdie, Derjew
Ayehubizu, Zimmam
Yizengaw, Endalew
Abera, Bayeh
Yimer, Mulat
Mulu, Wondemagen
Hailu, Tadesse
Herrador, Zaida
Fuentes Corripio, Isabel
Carmena, David
author de Lucio, Aida
author_facet de Lucio, Aida
Amor Aramendia, Aranzazu
Bailo-Barroso, Begoña
Saugar, Jose Maria
Anegagrie, Melaku
Arroyo, Ana
López-Quintana, Beatriz
Zewdie, Derjew
Ayehubizu, Zimmam
Yizengaw, Endalew
Abera, Bayeh
Yimer, Mulat
Mulu, Wondemagen
Hailu, Tadesse
Herrador, Zaida
Fuentes Corripio, Isabel
Carmena, David
author_role author
author2 Amor Aramendia, Aranzazu
Bailo-Barroso, Begoña
Saugar, Jose Maria
Anegagrie, Melaku
Arroyo, Ana
López-Quintana, Beatriz
Zewdie, Derjew
Ayehubizu, Zimmam
Yizengaw, Endalew
Abera, Bayeh
Yimer, Mulat
Mulu, Wondemagen
Hailu, Tadesse
Herrador, Zaida
Fuentes Corripio, Isabel
Carmena, David
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Instituto de Salud Carlos III
Fundación Mundo Sano
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Child
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidium
Ethiopia
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis
Humans
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Genetic Variation
topic Child
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidium
Ethiopia
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis
Humans
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Genetic Variation
description BACKGROUD: Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are enteric protozoan causing gastrointestinal illness in humans and animals. Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis are not formally considered as neglected tropical diseases, but belong to the group of poverty-related infectious diseases that impair the development and socio-economic potential of infected individuals in developing countries. METHODS: We report here the prevalence and genetic diversity of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in children attending rural primary schools in the Bahir Dar district of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Stool samples were collected from 393 children and analysed by molecular methods. G. duodenalis was detected by real-time PCR, and the assemblages and sub-assemblages were determined by multilocus sequence-based genotyping of the glutamate dehydrogenase and β-giardin genes of the parasite. Detection and identification of Cryptosporidium species was carried out by sequencing of a partial fragment of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The PCR-based prevalences of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. were 55.0% (216/393) and 4.6% (18/393), respectively. A total of 78 G. duodenalis isolates were successfully characterized, revealing the presence of sub-assemblages AII (10.3%), BIII (28.2%), and BIV (32.0%). Discordant typing results AII/AIII and BIII/BIV were identified in 7.7% and 15.4% of the isolates, respectively. An additional five (6.4%) isolates were assigned to assemblage B. No mixed infections of assemblages A+B were found. Extensive genetic variation at the nucleotide level was observed within assemblage B (but no within assemblage A), resulting in the identification of a large number of sub-types. Cryptosporidium diversity was demonstrated by the occurrence of C. hominis, C. parvum, and C. viatorum in the population under study. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest an epidemiological scenario with an elevated transmission intensity of a wide range of G. duodenalis genetic variants. Importantly, the elevated degree of genetic diversity observed within assemblage B is consistent with the occurrence of intra-assemblage recombination in G. duodenalis.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2016-07-28
2016
2016-07-28
2018
2018-12-27
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/6966
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/6966
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv ES PI13 01106
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science (PLOS)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science (PLOS)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repisalud
instname:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
instname_str Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
reponame_str Repisalud
collection Repisalud
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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