Unlocking the potential of bacterial membrane vesicles: Advances in isolation techniques and biomedical applications

Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanosized, lipid bilayer-enclosed structures released by both Gram-positive (commonly referred as MVS, bacterial membrane vesicles) and Gram-negative bacteria (commonly referred as OMVs, outer membrane vesicles and outer-inner membrane vesicles (OIMVs)). They ca...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Canalejo-Marco, Gonzalo, Arruebo, Manuel, Sebastián, Víctor
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:digitalcsic_::343b3a8eea46ffe378d33c5fd503dbab
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/429750
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Bacterial membrane vesicles
Biogenesis
Isolation methods
Biomedical and biotechnological applications
Quorum sensing
Internalization by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Descripción
Sumario:Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanosized, lipid bilayer-enclosed structures released by both Gram-positive (commonly referred as MVS, bacterial membrane vesicles) and Gram-negative bacteria (commonly referred as OMVs, outer membrane vesicles and outer-inner membrane vesicles (OIMVs)). They carry proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites, playing key roles in intercellular communication, host–pathogen interactions, and immune modulation. Owing to these properties, MVs are attracting growing interest as versatile tools for vaccine development, drug delivery, and diagnostic applications. However, their translation remains constrained by low production yields, potential toxicity, and the lack of standardized isolation and characterization methods. This review summarizes current knowledge on MV composition and biogenesis, with a particular focus on emerging strategies for their isolation and engineering, and highlights their biomedical potential while outlining the challenges that must be overcome to enable future clinical applications.