Investigation on heat-induced chemical indexes in traditional and reformulated biscuits

Fructosyl-lysine (determined as furosine), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and furfural are heat-induced chemical markers generated during baking of cereal-based products. Furosine reflects losses of the protein quality through lysine impairments, and furanic compounds are linked to the extent of the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Mesías, Marta, Olombrada, Elena, González-Mulero, Lucía, Morales, F. J., Delgado-Andrade, Cristina
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/241333
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/241333
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Biscuits
Maillard reaction
Amadori compound
Furosine
Hydroxymethylfurfural
Furfural
Consumption
Exposure
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/12
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Descripción
Sumario:Fructosyl-lysine (determined as furosine), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and furfural are heat-induced chemical markers generated during baking of cereal-based products. Furosine reflects losses of the protein quality through lysine impairments, and furanic compounds are linked to the extent of the thermal processing, but also to potential toxicological issues. Eighty biscuits commercialized in Spain were analysed for furosine, furanic and nutritional composition. Nutri-Score was used as harmonized criteria for nutritional profiling. Samples were classified as traditional and reformulated biscuits according to the incorporation of innovative ingredients in the recipe. Average furosine, HMF and furfural contents were 731 mg/100 g protein, 7.32 and 0.64 mg/kg, respectively. Furosine, HMF, and furfural content in traditional compared to reformulated biscuits were 14, 37, and 37 % lower, respectively. The predominant source of protein and the sugar content revealed as key factors. Particularly, the replacement of reducing sugars with polyols reduced furosine and furanic compounds. Levels of heat-induced chemical markers among the Nutri-Score groups point to this index as a good tool to help consumers to make healthier choices within this food category. Findings underline the importance of conducting risk/benefit analysis when introducing reformulated recipes in order to reach not only improved nutritional profiles but also controlling toxicological aspects.