Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)

The Sima del Elefante site is located within the Sierra de Atapuerca karst system (Burgos, northern Spain), and forms part of a series of important Early, Middle and Late Pleistocene archaeological complexes that have been dated previously with luminescence techniques (Gran Dolina, Galería Complex,...

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Autores: Demuro, Martina, Arnold, Lee J., Parés, Josep María, Aranburu, Arantza, Huguet, Rosa, Vallverdú, Josep, Arsuaga, Juan Luis, Bermúdez de Castro, José-María, Carbonell, Eudald
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/271616
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/271616
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Atapuerca
Sima del Elefante
Single-grain TT-OSL
Post IR-IR
Middle pleistocene
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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
title Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
spellingShingle Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
Demuro, Martina
Atapuerca
Sima del Elefante
Single-grain TT-OSL
Post IR-IR
Middle pleistocene
title_short Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
title_full Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
title_fullStr Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
title_full_unstemmed Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
title_sort Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Demuro, Martina
Arnold, Lee J.
Parés, Josep María
Aranburu, Arantza
Huguet, Rosa
Vallverdú, Josep
Arsuaga, Juan Luis
Bermúdez de Castro, José-María
Carbonell, Eudald
author Demuro, Martina
author_facet Demuro, Martina
Arnold, Lee J.
Parés, Josep María
Aranburu, Arantza
Huguet, Rosa
Vallverdú, Josep
Arsuaga, Juan Luis
Bermúdez de Castro, José-María
Carbonell, Eudald
author_role author
author2 Arnold, Lee J.
Parés, Josep María
Aranburu, Arantza
Huguet, Rosa
Vallverdú, Josep
Arsuaga, Juan Luis
Bermúdez de Castro, José-María
Carbonell, Eudald
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Australian Research Council
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Universidad Rovira i Virgili
Generalitat de Catalunya
Junta de Castilla y León
Fundación Atapuerca
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Atapuerca
Sima del Elefante
Single-grain TT-OSL
Post IR-IR
Middle pleistocene
topic Atapuerca
Sima del Elefante
Single-grain TT-OSL
Post IR-IR
Middle pleistocene
description The Sima del Elefante site is located within the Sierra de Atapuerca karst system (Burgos, northern Spain), and forms part of a series of important Early, Middle and Late Pleistocene archaeological complexes that have been dated previously with luminescence techniques (Gran Dolina, Galería Complex, Sima de los Huesos, Galería de las Estatuas). This study focuses on the upper Middle Pleistocene units (TE18 and TE19) at Sima del Elefante, which contain Acheulean and transitional lithic assemblages (Mode 2/3), as well as large and small mammal fossils. Importantly, these uppermost units are associated with a sediment plug located in the cave's interior at Galería Baja, which marks the closure of a significant palaeoentrance to the Atapuerca karst system. Establishing the accumulation history of these related deposits is important for understanding both Lower Palaeolithic technological dynamics via comparisons with similar levels at other Atapuerca sites (i.e., Gran Dolina and Galería Complex), as well as past human occupation patterns and carnivore use of (and accessibility to) the caves. We present single-grain TT-OSL and multi-grain pIR-IR chronologies for the Sima del Elefante upper sequence and the Galería Baja sediment cone, as well as U-series dating results for a stalagmitic crust capping the combined clastic infill sequence. The paired luminescence ages for the upper occupation levels are in agreement with each other and reveal that the host deposits accumulated 576–481 ka for the TE18 stratified scree layers, 266–237 ka for TE19 and 206–250 ka for the Galería Baja upper cone section (weighted mean 2σ age ranges). A concordant U-series age of 202 ± 65 ka is obtained for the overlying stalagmitic crust at Galería Baja. The Sima del Elefante ages are consistent with those previously obtained using U-series and biochronology, confirming that there is an erosional unconformity and complex carbonate deposition phase associated with the upper layers of unit TE18 and that the original cave entrance likely closed by ∼200 ka. Chronological correlation with other Atapuerca sites reveals potential equivalence between TE18 and unit TD8 (at Gran Dolina), and between TE19 and units GIIb–GIIIb (at Galería Complex) and, possibly, TD10.1 and TD10.2 (at Gran Dolina), though more refined dating is required to confirm the latter.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022
2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/271616
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/271616
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
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spelling Extended-range luminescence chronologies for the Middle Pleistocene units at the Sima del Elefante archaeological site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)Demuro, MartinaArnold, Lee J.Parés, Josep MaríaAranburu, ArantzaHuguet, RosaVallverdú, JosepArsuaga, Juan LuisBermúdez de Castro, José-MaríaCarbonell, EudaldAtapuercaSima del ElefanteSingle-grain TT-OSLPost IR-IRMiddle pleistoceneThe Sima del Elefante site is located within the Sierra de Atapuerca karst system (Burgos, northern Spain), and forms part of a series of important Early, Middle and Late Pleistocene archaeological complexes that have been dated previously with luminescence techniques (Gran Dolina, Galería Complex, Sima de los Huesos, Galería de las Estatuas). This study focuses on the upper Middle Pleistocene units (TE18 and TE19) at Sima del Elefante, which contain Acheulean and transitional lithic assemblages (Mode 2/3), as well as large and small mammal fossils. Importantly, these uppermost units are associated with a sediment plug located in the cave's interior at Galería Baja, which marks the closure of a significant palaeoentrance to the Atapuerca karst system. Establishing the accumulation history of these related deposits is important for understanding both Lower Palaeolithic technological dynamics via comparisons with similar levels at other Atapuerca sites (i.e., Gran Dolina and Galería Complex), as well as past human occupation patterns and carnivore use of (and accessibility to) the caves. We present single-grain TT-OSL and multi-grain pIR-IR chronologies for the Sima del Elefante upper sequence and the Galería Baja sediment cone, as well as U-series dating results for a stalagmitic crust capping the combined clastic infill sequence. The paired luminescence ages for the upper occupation levels are in agreement with each other and reveal that the host deposits accumulated 576–481 ka for the TE18 stratified scree layers, 266–237 ka for TE19 and 206–250 ka for the Galería Baja upper cone section (weighted mean 2σ age ranges). A concordant U-series age of 202 ± 65 ka is obtained for the overlying stalagmitic crust at Galería Baja. The Sima del Elefante ages are consistent with those previously obtained using U-series and biochronology, confirming that there is an erosional unconformity and complex carbonate deposition phase associated with the upper layers of unit TE18 and that the original cave entrance likely closed by ∼200 ka. Chronological correlation with other Atapuerca sites reveals potential equivalence between TE18 and unit TD8 (at Gran Dolina), and between TE19 and units GIIb–GIIIb (at Galería Complex) and, possibly, TD10.1 and TD10.2 (at Gran Dolina), though more refined dating is required to confirm the latter.M.D. was supported by Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellowship FT200100816 and ARC Discovery Early Career Researcher Award DE160100743. J-M.P received support from grant CGL 2017-89603-R. This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities grants PGC 2018-093925-B-C31, C32, and C33. This research was conducted as part of the AGUAR project number SGR 2017–1040, the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (2014, 2015, and 2016 PFD-URV-B2-147) and CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. We are thankful for the support from the Consejería de Cultura de la Junta de Castilla y León and the Fundación Atapuerca.Peer reviewedElsevierAustralian Research CouncilMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Universidad Rovira i VirgiliGeneralitat de CatalunyaJunta de Castilla y LeónFundación AtapuercaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202220222022info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/271616reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CGL2017-89603-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PGC2018-093925-B-C31info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PGC2018-093925-B-C32info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PGC2018-093925-B-C33https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871101422000668Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2716162026-05-22T06:33:51Z
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