Highly sensitive reflective-mode phase-variation permittivity sensors using coupled line sections

Highly sensitive permittivity sensors operating in reflection and exploiting phase variation are presented in this article. The sensors are one-port structures implemented by means of a pair of coupled lines, the sensitive region, with an appropriate termination. In particular, it is demonstrated th...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Casacuberta, Pau|||0000-0002-2658-2200, Vélez, Paris|||0000-0001-6502-5987, Muñoz Enano, Jonathan|||0000-0003-1271-3801, Su, Lijuan|||0000-0002-4753-9340, Martín, Ferran|||0000-0002-1494-9167
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:279318
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/279318
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1109/TMTT.2023.3234272
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Coupled lines
Dielectric characterization
Microstrip
Microwave sensor
Phase-variation sensor
Reflective-mode sensor
Descripción
Sumario:Highly sensitive permittivity sensors operating in reflection and exploiting phase variation are presented in this article. The sensors are one-port structures implemented by means of a pair of coupled lines, the sensitive region, with an appropriate termination. In particular, it is demonstrated that by either short-circuiting the crossed port to the input port of the device (opening the remaining two ports), or opening the crossed port to the input port (terminating the other two ports with a short-circuit), the sensitivity can be driven to very high values, controlled by the coupling factor. For that purpose, the electrical length of the pair of coupled lines must be set to 90° when such lines are loaded with the reference (REF) material. Thus, the sensitivity is optimized for dielectric constants (the input variable) in the vicinity of the dielectric constant of the REF material, where the indicated phase condition is fulfilled. The output variable is the phase of the reflection coefficient, an easily measurable quantity. For validation purposes, three prototype sensors are designed and fabricated. The achieved sensitivities in two of the fabricated sensors are as high as 659.6° and 736.0°, with figures of merit (FoMs), or ratio between the maximum sensitivity and the area of the sensing region expressed in terms of the squared-wavelength, of FoM.