Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in nine fields of activity to decrease SARS-CoV-2 transmission (Spain, September 2020–May 2021)

We estimated the association between the level of restriction in nine different fields of activity and SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility in Spain, from 15 September 2020 to 9 May 2021A stringency index (0–1) was created for each Spanish province daily. A hierarchical multiplicative model was fitted. The m...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Barbeito, Inés, Precioso, Daniel, Sierra, María José, Vegas Azcárate, Susana, Fernández Balbuena, Sonia, Vitoriano Villanueva, Begoña, Goméz Ullate, David, Cao, Ricardo, Monge, Susana
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/107891
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/107891
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Pandemic
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI)
Effectiveness
Stringency index
Logarithmic return
Hierarchical models
Enfermedades infecciosas
Investigación operativa (Estadística)
1207 Investigación Operativa
3205.05 Enfermedades Infecciosas
Descripción
Sumario:We estimated the association between the level of restriction in nine different fields of activity and SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility in Spain, from 15 September 2020 to 9 May 2021A stringency index (0–1) was created for each Spanish province daily. A hierarchical multiplicative model was fitted. The median of coefficients across provinces (95% bootstrap confidence intervals) quantified the effect of increasing one standard deviation in the stringency index over the logarithmic return of the weekly percentage variation of the 7-days SARS-CoV-2 cumulative incidence, lagged 12 days. Overall, increasing restrictions reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission by 22% (RR = 0.78; one-sided 95%CI: 0, 0.82) in 1 week, with highest effects for culture and leisure 14% (0.86; 0, 0.98), social distancing 13% (0.87; 0, 0.95), indoor restaurants 10% (0.90; 0, 0.95) and indoor sports 6% (0.94; 0, 0.98). In a reduced model with seven fields, culture and leisure no longer had a significant effect while ceremonies decreased transmission by 5% (0.95; 0, 0.96). Models was around 70%. Increased restrictions decreased COVID-19 transmission. Limitations include remaining collinearity between fields, and somewhat artificial quantification of qualitative restrictions, so the exact attribution of the effect to specific areas must be done with caution.