Electrochemical Immunosensors: The Evolution from Elisa to EμPADs

Electrochemical immunosensors comprise the merging of two different disciplines: molecular biology and electrochemistry. This review explains in depth the main parts of electrochemical immunosensors and how the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been integrated into sophisticated “lab-on-...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Ochoa-Ruiz, Andrea Gabriela, Parra, Guillermo, López-Espinoza, Diego, Astudillo, Pablo, Galyamin, Dmitry, Sabaté Vizcarra, Neus, Esquivel Bojórquez, Juan Pablo, Vallejo-Cardona, Alba Adriana
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2023
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/362889
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/362889
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85144849870
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:biosensors | electrochemistry | ELISA | immunosensors | paper-based | point of care
Description
Summary:Electrochemical immunosensors comprise the merging of two different disciplines: molecular biology and electrochemistry. This review explains in depth the main parts of electrochemical immunosensors and how the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been integrated into sophisticated “lab-on-a-chip” and “point-of-care” devices. It also reviews how nanotechnology has been a powerful tool for achieving lower detection limits, more signal amplification, and constructing label-free devices. It finally explores the new perspectives on electrochemical immunosensors to integrate them in novel paper microfluidic devices called EμPADs. Colleagues introducing themselves to the topic for the first time will find in this review a comprehensive revision of how the basics of the technology have given rise to the emerging topic of EμPADs.