Modelització energètica d’edificis a escala urbana a Andorra. Reducció dels desajustos dels models mitjançant dades de consum d'energia desagregades
(English) The building sector has nowadays become a key point for policies and strategies to reduce energy and greenhouse gas emissions. The significant and unprecedented urban expansion that occurred in recent years and that is still ongoing today, combined with the high energy consumption that cha...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/689963 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/689963 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-401550 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible 69 |
| Sumario: | (English) The building sector has nowadays become a key point for policies and strategies to reduce energy and greenhouse gas emissions. The significant and unprecedented urban expansion that occurred in recent years and that is still ongoing today, combined with the high energy consumption that characterises the construction sector and the longevity of buildings built before the appearance of energy regulations, are some of the reasons that have put the building sector in the spotlight in order to achieve the ambitious goal of carbon neutrality by 2050. To significantly reduce energy consumption and emissions, in both existing and new buildings, and thus achieve climate goals, municipalities need a better understanding not only of the current energy performance of buildings, but also the future impact that could have energy retrofit programs and changes in the energy supply infrastructure. In this sense, bottom-up urban building energy models, known as UBEM, are considered as one of the most promising tools in the field of urban simulation, as they are able to incorporate different data sets related to the building stock as well as the external factors affecting it. Unfortunately, the discrepancies between UBEM results and real energy consumption data are an obstacle to their widespread use in political decision-making. Reducing these discrepancies is one of the main challenges in this area of research. While most of the research carried out for this purpose points to the calibration of UBEM as the solution to this discrepancy, few studies address the issue of the building stock fragmentation, necessary to implement energy models at the urban scale. With the aim of reducing the mismatches between the UBEM and buildings’ metered energy consumption, the backbone of this thesis consists in the definition of a new methodology for building stocks fragmentation in order to obtain representative archetypes of the heterogeneity and energy diversity of the buildings using disaggregated energy consumption data. In order to evaluate its validity, this methodology has been implemented in a UBEM of residential buildings in the municipality of Escaldes-Engordany, in the Principality of Andorra. The results obtained are compared with those of the more common fragmentation approach, the deterministic fragmentation, and show that the proposed methodology better represents the building stock energy reality. This thesis contributes to the effective energy transition of the building sector through the development of decision support tools. In addition to the study of this new methodology, a series of specific contributions useful for Escaldes-Engordany and, more broadly for the Principality of Andorra, have been generated during the course of this thesis. Among these, the implemented UBEM stands out as the first urban-scale model in Andorra on which to evaluate the potential of the energy saving measures to be implemented in the construction sector. |
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