Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain

Background: The burden of childhood overweight and obesity attributable to ambient air pollution and a lack of urban green spaces (UGS) remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the attributable cases of childhood overweight and obesity due to air pollution and insufficient UGS exposure in Barce...

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Autores: Nguyen Thi Khanh, Huyen, Rigau Sabadell, Mariona, Khomenko, Sasha, Pereira Barboza, Evelise, Cirach, Marta, Duarte Salles, Talita, 1985-, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Vrijheid, Martine, Mueller, Natalie, 1988-, Bont, Jeroen de
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/69131
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69131
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.120306
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Ambient air pollution
Childhood obesity
Environmental health inequalities
Health impact assessment
Urban green spaces
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spelling Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, SpainNguyen Thi Khanh, HuyenRigau Sabadell, MarionaKhomenko, SashaPereira Barboza, EveliseCirach, MartaDuarte Salles, Talita, 1985-Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.Vrijheid, MartineMueller, Natalie, 1988-Bont, Jeroen deAmbient air pollutionChildhood obesityEnvironmental health inequalitiesHealth impact assessmentUrban green spacesBackground: The burden of childhood overweight and obesity attributable to ambient air pollution and a lack of urban green spaces (UGS) remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the attributable cases of childhood overweight and obesity due to air pollution and insufficient UGS exposure in Barcelona, Spain. Methods: We applied a quantitative health impact assessment approach. We collected childhood overweight and obesity prevalence levels and exposure data from 69 spatial basic health zones in Barcelona. We estimated particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels using land use regression models, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) levels using remote sensing and percentage of green area (%GA) using land use. We estimated relative risks, population attributable fractions, and preventable overweight/obesity cases in children under following scenarios: Compliance of World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines (AQGs) for (1) PM2.5 and (2) NO2; achieving (3) city-target NDVI levels and (4) 25% green area (%GA) recommendations. The analyses were stratified by socioeconomic deprivation index (in quintiles). Uncertainty was quantified using Monte Carlos simulations. Results: Compliance of WHO AQGs could prevent 0.4% [253 (95%CI, -604; 1086)] and 4.2% [3000 (95%CI, 1009; 4943)] of childhood overweight/obesity cases due to excess PM2.5 and NO2 levels in Barcelona, respectively. Compliance of NDVI and %GA targeted levels could prevent 6% [4094 (95%CI, 1698; 6379)] and 10% [6853 (95%CI, 1440; 12779)] of childhood overweight/obesity cases respectively. The preventable burdens of childhood overweight/obesity cases were slightly higher in middle-class socioeconomic areas due to the higher adverse exposure levels at baseline (high air pollution, less UGS). Discussion: Compliance with WHO AQGs and achieving UGS targets can reduce childhood overweight and obesity levels in Barcelona, and potentially in other locations as well. This underscores the need for policies that foster healthier urban environments of high environmental quality in order to protect child health.Elsevier202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/69131http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.120306reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésEnviron Res. 2025 Jan 1;264(Pt 1):120306© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10230/691312026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
title Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
spellingShingle Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
Nguyen Thi Khanh, Huyen
Ambient air pollution
Childhood obesity
Environmental health inequalities
Health impact assessment
Urban green spaces
title_short Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
title_full Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
title_fullStr Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
title_full_unstemmed Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
title_sort Ambient air pollution, urban green space and childhood overweight and obesity: A health impact assessment for Barcelona, Spain
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Nguyen Thi Khanh, Huyen
Rigau Sabadell, Mariona
Khomenko, Sasha
Pereira Barboza, Evelise
Cirach, Marta
Duarte Salles, Talita, 1985-
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Vrijheid, Martine
Mueller, Natalie, 1988-
Bont, Jeroen de
author Nguyen Thi Khanh, Huyen
author_facet Nguyen Thi Khanh, Huyen
Rigau Sabadell, Mariona
Khomenko, Sasha
Pereira Barboza, Evelise
Cirach, Marta
Duarte Salles, Talita, 1985-
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Vrijheid, Martine
Mueller, Natalie, 1988-
Bont, Jeroen de
author_role author
author2 Rigau Sabadell, Mariona
Khomenko, Sasha
Pereira Barboza, Evelise
Cirach, Marta
Duarte Salles, Talita, 1985-
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Vrijheid, Martine
Mueller, Natalie, 1988-
Bont, Jeroen de
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ambient air pollution
Childhood obesity
Environmental health inequalities
Health impact assessment
Urban green spaces
topic Ambient air pollution
Childhood obesity
Environmental health inequalities
Health impact assessment
Urban green spaces
description Background: The burden of childhood overweight and obesity attributable to ambient air pollution and a lack of urban green spaces (UGS) remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the attributable cases of childhood overweight and obesity due to air pollution and insufficient UGS exposure in Barcelona, Spain. Methods: We applied a quantitative health impact assessment approach. We collected childhood overweight and obesity prevalence levels and exposure data from 69 spatial basic health zones in Barcelona. We estimated particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels using land use regression models, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) levels using remote sensing and percentage of green area (%GA) using land use. We estimated relative risks, population attributable fractions, and preventable overweight/obesity cases in children under following scenarios: Compliance of World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines (AQGs) for (1) PM2.5 and (2) NO2; achieving (3) city-target NDVI levels and (4) 25% green area (%GA) recommendations. The analyses were stratified by socioeconomic deprivation index (in quintiles). Uncertainty was quantified using Monte Carlos simulations. Results: Compliance of WHO AQGs could prevent 0.4% [253 (95%CI, -604; 1086)] and 4.2% [3000 (95%CI, 1009; 4943)] of childhood overweight/obesity cases due to excess PM2.5 and NO2 levels in Barcelona, respectively. Compliance of NDVI and %GA targeted levels could prevent 6% [4094 (95%CI, 1698; 6379)] and 10% [6853 (95%CI, 1440; 12779)] of childhood overweight/obesity cases respectively. The preventable burdens of childhood overweight/obesity cases were slightly higher in middle-class socioeconomic areas due to the higher adverse exposure levels at baseline (high air pollution, less UGS). Discussion: Compliance with WHO AQGs and achieving UGS targets can reduce childhood overweight and obesity levels in Barcelona, and potentially in other locations as well. This underscores the need for policies that foster healthier urban environments of high environmental quality in order to protect child health.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69131
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.120306
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69131
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.120306
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Environ Res. 2025 Jan 1;264(Pt 1):120306
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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