The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth

Objective: To systematically review the association between oral dysbiosis and pregnancy-related complications and to quantitatively assess differences in oral microbial alpha diversity between preterm birth (PTB) and term birth (TB). Material and methods: A systematic search was conducted in July 2...

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Autores: García Ríos, Paula, Rodríguez Lozano, Francisco Javier, González Murcia, Raquel, Murcia, Laura, Victoria Montesinos, Desirée, García Muñoz, Ana María
Tipo de documento: artigo
Data de publicação:2026
País:España
Recursos:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
Repositório:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.ucam.edu:10952/10693
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10952/10693
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Oral dysbiosis
Pregnancy complications
Oral microbiota
Preeclampsia
Gestational diabetes
Preterm birth
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spelling The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birthGarcía Ríos, PaulaRodríguez Lozano, Francisco JavierGonzález Murcia, RaquelMurcia, LauraVictoria Montesinos, DesiréeGarcía Muñoz, Ana MaríaOral dysbiosisPregnancy complicationsOral microbiotaPreeclampsiaGestational diabetesPreterm birthObjective: To systematically review the association between oral dysbiosis and pregnancy-related complications and to quantitatively assess differences in oral microbial alpha diversity between preterm birth (PTB) and term birth (TB). Material and methods: A systematic search was conducted in July 2025 following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO. Studies published between 2015 and 2025 assessing oral microbiota composition, alpha/beta diversity, or taxa abundance in relation to preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, low birth weight, mental health disorders, or pregnancy loss were included. Due to heterogeneity in study design, microbiome metrics, and outcome definitions, meta-analysis was restricted to studies comparing Shannon alpha diversity between PTB and TB. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Results: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, including cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional designs; four were included in the meta-analysis. Pregnancy complications were commonly associated with altered oral microbial profiles, characterized by reduced alpha diversity, changes in beta diversity, and increased abundance of genera such as Prevotella, Veillonella, and Porphyromonas. The meta-analysis suggested a directional trend toward altered alpha diversity in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: Overall, the findings support a potential association between oral dysbiosis and pregnancy-related complications; however, this evidence is limited by the small scale and heterogeneity of the available studies. These results highlight the oral microbiome as a biologically plausible contributor to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and a promising focus for future mechanistic and translational research.Ciencias de la AlimentaciónFarmacia y Nutrición2026info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10952/10693reponame:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murciainstname:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.ucam.edu:10952/106932026-06-07T18:35:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
title The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
spellingShingle The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
García Ríos, Paula
Oral dysbiosis
Pregnancy complications
Oral microbiota
Preeclampsia
Gestational diabetes
Preterm birth
title_short The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
title_full The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
title_fullStr The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
title_full_unstemmed The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
title_sort The role of oral dysbiosis in pregnancy complications: a systematic review and metaanalysis of preterm birth
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv García Ríos, Paula
Rodríguez Lozano, Francisco Javier
González Murcia, Raquel
Murcia, Laura
Victoria Montesinos, Desirée
García Muñoz, Ana María
author García Ríos, Paula
author_facet García Ríos, Paula
Rodríguez Lozano, Francisco Javier
González Murcia, Raquel
Murcia, Laura
Victoria Montesinos, Desirée
García Muñoz, Ana María
author_role author
author2 Rodríguez Lozano, Francisco Javier
González Murcia, Raquel
Murcia, Laura
Victoria Montesinos, Desirée
García Muñoz, Ana María
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Oral dysbiosis
Pregnancy complications
Oral microbiota
Preeclampsia
Gestational diabetes
Preterm birth
topic Oral dysbiosis
Pregnancy complications
Oral microbiota
Preeclampsia
Gestational diabetes
Preterm birth
description Objective: To systematically review the association between oral dysbiosis and pregnancy-related complications and to quantitatively assess differences in oral microbial alpha diversity between preterm birth (PTB) and term birth (TB). Material and methods: A systematic search was conducted in July 2025 following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO. Studies published between 2015 and 2025 assessing oral microbiota composition, alpha/beta diversity, or taxa abundance in relation to preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, low birth weight, mental health disorders, or pregnancy loss were included. Due to heterogeneity in study design, microbiome metrics, and outcome definitions, meta-analysis was restricted to studies comparing Shannon alpha diversity between PTB and TB. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Results: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, including cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional designs; four were included in the meta-analysis. Pregnancy complications were commonly associated with altered oral microbial profiles, characterized by reduced alpha diversity, changes in beta diversity, and increased abundance of genera such as Prevotella, Veillonella, and Porphyromonas. The meta-analysis suggested a directional trend toward altered alpha diversity in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: Overall, the findings support a potential association between oral dysbiosis and pregnancy-related complications; however, this evidence is limited by the small scale and heterogeneity of the available studies. These results highlight the oral microbiome as a biologically plausible contributor to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and a promising focus for future mechanistic and translational research.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10952/10693
url http://hdl.handle.net/10952/10693
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
instname:Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
instname_str Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)
reponame_str RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
collection RIUCAM. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
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