Using the grip strength effort task to measure reward processing dysfunction in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder

The aims of the Reward Task Optimisation Consortium (RTOC) study (Bilderbeck et al., 2020) were to explore the validity, reliability, and feasibility of a battery of reward processing tasks for the development of new treatments for anhedonia. We report our findings from the Grip Strength Effort Task...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Malik, Asad, Pérez Solà, Víctor, Elices, Matilde, Dawson, Gerard R.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/72766
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72766
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2025.105524
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Anhedonia
Apathy
Depression
Effort-based decision-making task
Negative symptoms
Reward processing
Schizophrenia
Descripción
Sumario:The aims of the Reward Task Optimisation Consortium (RTOC) study (Bilderbeck et al., 2020) were to explore the validity, reliability, and feasibility of a battery of reward processing tasks for the development of new treatments for anhedonia. We report our findings from the Grip Strength Effort Task (GSET), an effort-based decision-making task in which participants chose to either perform easy trials that required less physical effort for low monetary reward or hard trials that required more effort for potentially larger rewards. Thirty-seven participants with schizophrenia (SZ), 40 with major depressive disorder (MDD), and 59 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were administered the task across four European sites. 19% of participants (8.5% HC, 27% SZ, 27.5% MDD) were "inflexible responders" who always chose hard trials irrespective of the reward amount. MDD participants showed less willingness to exert physical effort for high reward than controls, when inflexible responders were excluded, but no statistically significant differences were observed between SZ participants and controls. Across all participants, willingness to exert effort for high reward negatively correlated with measures of anhedonia. Inflexible responders exhibited higher depressive symptoms and higher anticipation of punishment than other participants. Forty-three participants performed the GSET again after 3-5 weeks and moderate-to-high test-retest reliability was observed. Minimal site effects confirmed operational feasibility of the task in multi-site studies. We conclude that the GSET can provide objective behavioural biomarkers of reward processing dysfunction, but further investigation is needed to understand inflexible responding and its implications on the task's design and interpretation.