Development of thermal network to simulate light structured buildings and comparison with heavy structured buildings
In the past years there have been numerous researches centred in the optimization of the simplified thermal network models, in order to simulate the thermal behaviour of buildings. The present master thesis has been done within the frame of the RESIZED project – a multidisciplinary project on energy...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2018 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/169746 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/169746 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Aïllament tèrmic simulation - energy and building - grey-box model - RC thermal network Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació::Instal·lacions i acondicionament d'edificis::Aïllament acústic i tèrmic |
| Sumario: | In the past years there have been numerous researches centred in the optimization of the simplified thermal network models, in order to simulate the thermal behaviour of buildings. The present master thesis has been done within the frame of the RESIZED project – a multidisciplinary project on energy savings funded by the European Union – at the Department of Thermal Engineering and Combustion at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Mons; the thesis forms part of a bigger research whose main objective consist in simulating the energy consumption and the thermal behaviour of a whole district composed by different typologies of buildings. The latter might be a complex and difficult task to carry out. Hence, in order to make it easier, the simplified models (which reduce the heating problems into few parameters) will be employed. This dissertation is focused on a specific simplified RC model: 4R3C model. The mentioned model is composed by a thermal network that connects together two 2R1C branches: the first one represents the envelope of the building that is in contact with the outside air and the second one means to represent the building’s floor. There is an extra capacitor that is attached to the connection point of the two branches, which represents the internal temperature of the building and, consequently, its internal capacitance. Therefore, the goal of this master thesis consists in studying the evolution of the model’s components - resistances and capacitors - on the light structured buildings and comparing them with the ones achieved on the heavy structured buildings. The data for both light and heavy structured buildings will be obtained in TRNSYS, a simulation software that uses measuring “real” data to calculate the building’s internal temperature and the actuating heat fluxes. Then, the obtained outcome is ran with an optimization process (by using Matlab software) that determines the most suitable values for the 4R3C model’s components in order to give the maximum fitting proportion on the same output variables (temperatures and heat fluxes) that TRNSYS gives. In order to carry out the study, two different parameters have been observed. On the one hand, the fitting proportion on the building’s internal temperature between the data provided by TRNSYS and the data provided by the Matlab model. On the other hand, the relation of the 4R3C model’s components determined with Matlab and the ones calculated theoretically with the buildings properties. As for the structure of the thesis, three studies can be distinguished. The first research has been focused on analysing the impact of different heating loads and indoor conditions on the model’s components; both on light and heavy structured buildings. As the study reveals, the use of heating systems on the buildings brings the most precise results. The second and most relevant study has been centred on analysing how the components of light and heavy structured buildings are influenced by variations on four different characteristics of each type of building: the building’s floor surface, its width-todepth ratio, its windows-to-floor surface ratio and its orientation angle. As it has been proven, the fitting proportion of the internal temperature has been higher than 80% in both types of buildings. Moreover, the resistances have obtained more accurate results than capacitances in both cases compared to the “real” values. In addition, the capacitances results of the light structured buildings have been more precise than the ones acquired for the heavy structured buildings. The third and last main study of this master thesis has consisted on verifying the employed model by making a simulation of a whole year duration. This has revealed that the used model is correct. |
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