Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals

BACKGROUND Monitoring body temperature is essential in veterinary care as minor variations may indicate dysfunction. Rectal temperature is widely used as a proxy for body temperature, but measuring it requires special equipment, training or restraining, and it potentially stresses animals. Infrared...

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Autores: Melero Asensio, Mar, Rodríguez Prieto, Víctor, Rubio García, Ana, García Párraga, Daniel, Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez, José Manuel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/24664
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24664
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Thermography
Thermal pattern
Blowhole temperature
Eye temperature
Cetaceans
Pinnipeds
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
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spelling Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammalsMelero Asensio, MarRodríguez Prieto, VíctorRubio García, AnaGarcía Párraga, DanielSánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez, José ManuelThermographyThermal patternBlowhole temperatureEye temperatureCetaceansPinnipedsVeterinaria3109 Ciencias VeterinariasBACKGROUND Monitoring body temperature is essential in veterinary care as minor variations may indicate dysfunction. Rectal temperature is widely used as a proxy for body temperature, but measuring it requires special equipment, training or restraining, and it potentially stresses animals. Infrared thermography is an alternative that reduces handling stress, is safer for technicians and works well for untrained animals. This study analysed thermal reference points in five marine mammal species: bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus); beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas); Patagonian sea lion (Otaria flavescens); harbour seal (Phoca vitulina); and Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens). RESULTS The thermogram analysis revealed that the internal blowhole mucosa temperature is the most reliable indicator of body temperature in cetaceans. The temperatures taken during voluntary breathing with a camera held perpendicularly were practically identical to the rectal temperature in bottlenose dolphins and were only 1 °C lower than the rectal temperature in beluga whales. In pinnipeds, eye temperature appears the best parameter for temperature control. In these animals, the average times required for temperatures to stabilise after hauling out, and the average steady-state temperature values, differed according to species: Patagonian sea lions, 10 min, 31.13 °C; harbour seals, 10 min, 32.27 °C; Pacific walruses, 5 min, 29.93 °C. CONCLUSIONS The best thermographic and most stable reference points for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals are open blowhole in cetaceans and eyes in pinnipeds.BioMedCentralUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20152015-09-0420152015-09-04journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24664reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/246642026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
title Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
spellingShingle Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
Melero Asensio, Mar
Thermography
Thermal pattern
Blowhole temperature
Eye temperature
Cetaceans
Pinnipeds
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
title_short Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
title_full Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
title_fullStr Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
title_full_unstemmed Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
title_sort Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Melero Asensio, Mar
Rodríguez Prieto, Víctor
Rubio García, Ana
García Párraga, Daniel
Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez, José Manuel
author Melero Asensio, Mar
author_facet Melero Asensio, Mar
Rodríguez Prieto, Víctor
Rubio García, Ana
García Párraga, Daniel
Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez, José Manuel
author_role author
author2 Rodríguez Prieto, Víctor
Rubio García, Ana
García Párraga, Daniel
Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez, José Manuel
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Thermography
Thermal pattern
Blowhole temperature
Eye temperature
Cetaceans
Pinnipeds
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
topic Thermography
Thermal pattern
Blowhole temperature
Eye temperature
Cetaceans
Pinnipeds
Veterinaria
3109 Ciencias Veterinarias
description BACKGROUND Monitoring body temperature is essential in veterinary care as minor variations may indicate dysfunction. Rectal temperature is widely used as a proxy for body temperature, but measuring it requires special equipment, training or restraining, and it potentially stresses animals. Infrared thermography is an alternative that reduces handling stress, is safer for technicians and works well for untrained animals. This study analysed thermal reference points in five marine mammal species: bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus); beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas); Patagonian sea lion (Otaria flavescens); harbour seal (Phoca vitulina); and Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens). RESULTS The thermogram analysis revealed that the internal blowhole mucosa temperature is the most reliable indicator of body temperature in cetaceans. The temperatures taken during voluntary breathing with a camera held perpendicularly were practically identical to the rectal temperature in bottlenose dolphins and were only 1 °C lower than the rectal temperature in beluga whales. In pinnipeds, eye temperature appears the best parameter for temperature control. In these animals, the average times required for temperatures to stabilise after hauling out, and the average steady-state temperature values, differed according to species: Patagonian sea lions, 10 min, 31.13 °C; harbour seals, 10 min, 32.27 °C; Pacific walruses, 5 min, 29.93 °C. CONCLUSIONS The best thermographic and most stable reference points for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals are open blowhole in cetaceans and eyes in pinnipeds.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015
2015-09-04
2015
2015-09-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24664
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24664
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv BioMedCentral
publisher.none.fl_str_mv BioMedCentral
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,300719

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