Affective temperaments, self-schemas, and their interplay with emotional distress

Background: Affective temperaments and self-schemas are theorized to shape susceptibility to emotional distress, yet their interplay remains empirically unexplored. This study investigates (1) associations between affective temperaments and positive and negative self-schemas, and (2) whether positiv...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Monsonet, Manel|||0000-0003-1898-3212, Fagián Núñez, Karen Dahiana|||0009-0006-5591-5277, Kwapil, Thomas|||0000-0003-1116-5954, Barrantes Vidal, Neus|||0000-0002-8671-1238
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:325199
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/325199
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1732425
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Affective temperaments
Anxiety symptoms
Depressive symptoms
Mediation analyses
Self-schemas
Temperament
Descripción
Sumario:Background: Affective temperaments and self-schemas are theorized to shape susceptibility to emotional distress, yet their interplay remains empirically unexplored. This study investigates (1) associations between affective temperaments and positive and negative self-schemas, and (2) whether positive and negative self-schemas mediate the temperament-distress relationship. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 808 young adults (mean age = 20.8; 77.2% female) completed the TEMPS-A (affective temperaments), BCSS (self-schemas), and SCL-90-R (depressive/anxiety symptoms). Spearman correlations and parallel mediation analyses tested hypotheses. Results: Positive self-schemas showed a positive association with hyperthymic temperament and inverse association with cyclothymic and depressive temperaments. Negative self-schemas were associated with cyclothymic and depressive temperaments and inversely associated with hyperthymic temperament. Mediation analyses revealed that both positive and negative self-schemas significantly mediated the relationships between cyclothymic, depressive, hyperthymic, and anxious temperaments with depressive symptoms. Conversely, positive self-schemas only mediated the pathway from hyperthymic temperament to anxiety symptoms, whereas negative self-schemas mediated all temperament-anxiety pathways. Conclusion: This study provides the first empirical evidence that self-schemas act as mediating mechanisms linking affective temperaments to affective symptoms. Our findings thereby support a biopsychosocial model of emotional distress, founded on the interaction between genetically-influenced temperaments and socially-constructed self-schemas. Consequently, therapeutic interventions designed to modify self-schemas may represent an effective strategy for mitigating the pathway from temperamental vulnerability to emotional distress.