Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain

Background. The financial effect of households’ out-of-pocket payments (OOP) on access and use of health systems has been extensively studied in the literature, especially in emerging or developing countries. However, it has been the subject of little research in European countries, and is almost no...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: López López, Samuel, Pozo Rubio, Raúl del, Ortega Ortega, Marta, Escribano Sotos, Francisco
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Repositorio:RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM
OAI Identifier:oai:ruidera.uclm.es:10578/30574
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10578/30574
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Spain
Out-of-pocket payments
Health
Catastrophic
Health insurance
Households
Economic crisis
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repository_id_str
spelling Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in SpainLópez López, SamuelPozo Rubio, Raúl delOrtega Ortega, MartaEscribano Sotos, FranciscoSpainOut-of-pocket paymentsHealthCatastrophicHealth insuranceHouseholdsEconomic crisisBackground. The financial effect of households’ out-of-pocket payments (OOP) on access and use of health systems has been extensively studied in the literature, especially in emerging or developing countries. However, it has been the subject of little research in European countries, and is almost nonexistent after the financial crisis of 2008. The aim of the work is to analyze the incidence and intensity of financial catastrophism derived from Spanish households’ out-of-pocket payments associated with health care during the period 2008–2015. Methods. The Household Budget Survey was used and catastrophic measures were estimated, classifying the households into those above the threshold of catastrophe versus below. Three ordered logistic regression models and margins effects were estimated. Results. The results reveal that, in 2008, 4.42% of Spanish households dedicated more than 40% of their income to financing out-of-pocket payments in health, with an average annual gap of EUR 259.84 (DE: EUR 2431.55), which in overall terms amounts to EUR 3939.44 million (0.36% of GDP). Conclusion. The findings of this study reveal the existence of catastrophic households resulting from OOP payments associated with health care in Spain and the need to design financial protection policies against the financial risk derived from facing these types of costs.MDPI202220222021info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10578/30574reponame:RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLMinstname:Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaInglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ruidera.uclm.es:10578/305742026-05-27T07:36:41Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
title Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
spellingShingle Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
López López, Samuel
Spain
Out-of-pocket payments
Health
Catastrophic
Health insurance
Households
Economic crisis
title_short Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
title_full Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
title_fullStr Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
title_full_unstemmed Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
title_sort Catastrophic Household Expenditure Associated with Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments in Spain
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv López López, Samuel
Pozo Rubio, Raúl del
Ortega Ortega, Marta
Escribano Sotos, Francisco
author López López, Samuel
author_facet López López, Samuel
Pozo Rubio, Raúl del
Ortega Ortega, Marta
Escribano Sotos, Francisco
author_role author
author2 Pozo Rubio, Raúl del
Ortega Ortega, Marta
Escribano Sotos, Francisco
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Spain
Out-of-pocket payments
Health
Catastrophic
Health insurance
Households
Economic crisis
topic Spain
Out-of-pocket payments
Health
Catastrophic
Health insurance
Households
Economic crisis
description Background. The financial effect of households’ out-of-pocket payments (OOP) on access and use of health systems has been extensively studied in the literature, especially in emerging or developing countries. However, it has been the subject of little research in European countries, and is almost nonexistent after the financial crisis of 2008. The aim of the work is to analyze the incidence and intensity of financial catastrophism derived from Spanish households’ out-of-pocket payments associated with health care during the period 2008–2015. Methods. The Household Budget Survey was used and catastrophic measures were estimated, classifying the households into those above the threshold of catastrophe versus below. Three ordered logistic regression models and margins effects were estimated. Results. The results reveal that, in 2008, 4.42% of Spanish households dedicated more than 40% of their income to financing out-of-pocket payments in health, with an average annual gap of EUR 259.84 (DE: EUR 2431.55), which in overall terms amounts to EUR 3939.44 million (0.36% of GDP). Conclusion. The findings of this study reveal the existence of catastrophic households resulting from OOP payments associated with health care in Spain and the need to design financial protection policies against the financial risk derived from facing these types of costs.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2022
2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10578/30574
url http://hdl.handle.net/10578/30574
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM
instname:Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
instname_str Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
reponame_str RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM
collection RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.301603

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