Cell walls: a comparative view of the composition of cell surfaces of plants, algae, and microorganisms

[EN] While evolutionary studies indicate that the most ancient groups of organisms on Earth likely descended from a common wall-less ancestor, contemporary organisms lacking a carbohydrate-rich cell surface are exceedingly rare. By developing a cell wall to cover the plasma membrane, cells were able...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Fuertes Rabanal, María, Rebaque Morán, Diego, Largo Gosens, Asier, Encina García, Antonio Esteban, Mélida Martínez, Hugo
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de León
Repositorio:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
OAI Identifier:oai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/25467
Acceso en línea:https://academic.oup.com/jxb/article/76/10/2614/7929673?login=true
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/25467
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Ingeniería agrícola
Cell surface
Cell wall
Cellulose
Chitin
Extracellular matrix
Hemicellulose
Glucan
Pectin
Peptidoglycan
Polysaccharide
3102 Ingeniería Agrícola
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] While evolutionary studies indicate that the most ancient groups of organisms on Earth likely descended from a common wall-less ancestor, contemporary organisms lacking a carbohydrate-rich cell surface are exceedingly rare. By developing a cell wall to cover the plasma membrane, cells were able to withstand higher osmotic pressures, colonize new habitats, and develop complex multicellular structures. Thus, the cells of plants, algae, and microorganisms are covered by a cell wall, which can generally be defined as a highly complex structure whose main framework is usually composed of carbohydrates. Rather than static structures, they are highly dynamic and serve a multitude of functions that modulate vital cellular processes, such as growth and interactions with neighbouring cells or the surrounding environment. Thus, despite its vital importance for many groups of life, it is striking that there are few comprehensive studies comparing the cell wall composition of these groups. Thus, the aim of this review was to compare the cell walls of plants with those of algae and microorganisms, paying particular attention to their polysaccharide components. It should be highlighted that, despite the important differences in composition, we have also found numerous common aspects and functionalities.