Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial

Background: Most programmes developed to reduce aggressive attitudes among teenagers are based on cultivating nonviolence, a construct that has been related to compassion and, more indirectly, mindfulness. This study aims at testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based pr...

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Autores: Delgado-Suárez, I., López-del-Hoyo, Y., García-Campayo, J., Pérez-Aranda, A., Modrego-Alarcón, M., Beltrán-Ruiz, M., Gascón, S., Montero-Marín, J.
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2021
País:España
Recursos:Universidad de Zaragoza
Repositório:Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragoza
OAI Identifier:oai:zaguan.unizar.es:117210
Acesso em linha:http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/117210
Access Level:Acceso aberto
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spelling Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trialDelgado-Suárez, I.López-del-Hoyo, Y.García-Campayo, J.Pérez-Aranda, A.Modrego-Alarcón, M.Beltrán-Ruiz, M.Gascón, S.Montero-Marín, J.Background: Most programmes developed to reduce aggressive attitudes among teenagers are based on cultivating nonviolence, a construct that has been related to compassion and, more indirectly, mindfulness. This study aims at testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme, for reducing aggressive attitudes in adolescents. Method: A sample of 164 students from three high schools in Zaragoza (Spain) participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to (1) ‘Unlearning’, or (2) relaxation programme. Three assessment points were established: baseline, post-treatment and a 4-month follow-up. The outcome variables were the subscales of the ‘Attitudes Toward Social Aggression Scale’. Mindfulness and compassion were assessed as secondary outcomes. Results: ‘Unlearning’ did not produce changes in the primary outcomes, but significant effects were observed post-treatment in self-compassion; and in the follow-up, in self-compassion and mindfulness. The control group did not experience any change post-treatment, but a significant effect in mindfulness was observed in the follow-up. The intergroup analyses indicated that ‘Unlearning’ improved self-compassion, both post-treatment (t = -2.48, p = 0.014) and after 4-months (t = -2.03, p = 0.044), although these results were not statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Conclusion: ‘Unlearning’ did not produce significant reductions in aggressive attitudes compared to the control group. The low baseline levels may have hindered the efficacy of the interventions. ‘Unlearning’ showed potential to improve self-compassion, which is related to nonviolence, and this may have positive implications for the adolescents. Future interventions should include teachers and families to enhance the effectiveness of the programmes. Copyright © 2021 Delgado-Suárez, López-del-Hoyo, García-Campayo, Pérez-Aranda, Modrego-Alarcón, Beltrán-Ruiz, Gascón and Montero-Marín.2021info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://zaguan.unizar.es/record/117210reponame:Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragozainstname:Universidad de ZaragozaInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/B17-20Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII-MINECO-FEDER/PI19-00805info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MECD/FPU16-03565info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:zaguan.unizar.es:1172102026-05-29T13:59:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
title Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
spellingShingle Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
Delgado-Suárez, I.
title_short Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
title_full Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
title_fullStr Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
title_sort Testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme for cultivating nonviolence in teenagers: a randomised controlled trial
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Delgado-Suárez, I.
López-del-Hoyo, Y.
García-Campayo, J.
Pérez-Aranda, A.
Modrego-Alarcón, M.
Beltrán-Ruiz, M.
Gascón, S.
Montero-Marín, J.
author Delgado-Suárez, I.
author_facet Delgado-Suárez, I.
López-del-Hoyo, Y.
García-Campayo, J.
Pérez-Aranda, A.
Modrego-Alarcón, M.
Beltrán-Ruiz, M.
Gascón, S.
Montero-Marín, J.
author_role author
author2 López-del-Hoyo, Y.
García-Campayo, J.
Pérez-Aranda, A.
Modrego-Alarcón, M.
Beltrán-Ruiz, M.
Gascón, S.
Montero-Marín, J.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
description Background: Most programmes developed to reduce aggressive attitudes among teenagers are based on cultivating nonviolence, a construct that has been related to compassion and, more indirectly, mindfulness. This study aims at testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme, for reducing aggressive attitudes in adolescents. Method: A sample of 164 students from three high schools in Zaragoza (Spain) participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to (1) ‘Unlearning’, or (2) relaxation programme. Three assessment points were established: baseline, post-treatment and a 4-month follow-up. The outcome variables were the subscales of the ‘Attitudes Toward Social Aggression Scale’. Mindfulness and compassion were assessed as secondary outcomes. Results: ‘Unlearning’ did not produce changes in the primary outcomes, but significant effects were observed post-treatment in self-compassion; and in the follow-up, in self-compassion and mindfulness. The control group did not experience any change post-treatment, but a significant effect in mindfulness was observed in the follow-up. The intergroup analyses indicated that ‘Unlearning’ improved self-compassion, both post-treatment (t = -2.48, p = 0.014) and after 4-months (t = -2.03, p = 0.044), although these results were not statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Conclusion: ‘Unlearning’ did not produce significant reductions in aggressive attitudes compared to the control group. The low baseline levels may have hindered the efficacy of the interventions. ‘Unlearning’ showed potential to improve self-compassion, which is related to nonviolence, and this may have positive implications for the adolescents. Future interventions should include teachers and families to enhance the effectiveness of the programmes. Copyright © 2021 Delgado-Suárez, López-del-Hoyo, García-Campayo, Pérez-Aranda, Modrego-Alarcón, Beltrán-Ruiz, Gascón and Montero-Marín.
publishDate 2021
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dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
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