Latin America: stalled catching up

Latin America made considerable progress in living standards between 1870 and 2010 amid rapid modernization and structural change. However, despite these remarkable advances, the income gap between the region and the industrial leaders remains significant. This chapter assesses the long-term perform...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Astorga Junquera, Pablo, Herranz Loncán, Alfonso
Formato: capítulo de livro
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Recursos:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/49081
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/49081
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316671603.010
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Latin America
Income convergence
Human development
Economic growth
Industrialization
Income inequality
Productivity.
Descrição
Resumo:Latin America made considerable progress in living standards between 1870 and 2010 amid rapid modernization and structural change. However, despite these remarkable advances, the income gap between the region and the industrial leaders remains significant. This chapter assesses the long-term performance of Latin America relative to the developed world and discusses the key transformations in Latin America. Excess volatility, poor productivity and high inequality remain essential to explaining why the region has been unable to converge with the industrialized core through advances in human capital, R&D, and infrastructure investment. In order to improve future prospects in standards of living and catching up, the region would need to adopt a development model that delivers sustained and inclusive economic growth. Key elements of this model are a higher rate of investment, a proactive industrial policy, tighter intra-regional integration, and greater redistribution to finance a better quality of education and inclusive social services.