Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number

This study investigates the behaviour of the laminar separation bubble (LSB) that forms on the suction side of an SD7003 airfoil under low Reynolds number conditions. A wide parametric range was explored, with three-dimensional flow measurements obtained using the double-pulse Shake-The-Box techniqu...

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Autores: Parra Esparza, Yeray, Uralde Guinea, Xabier, Uriarte Perez de Nanclares, Irati, Fernández Gámiz, Unai, Boyano, Ana
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:addi________::52f7a2e235b0880da0469274d54fbc00
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/79459
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:shake-the-box PIV
laminar separation bubble
experimental fluid mechanics
transitional flow
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spelling Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds numberParra Esparza, YerayUralde Guinea, XabierUriarte Perez de Nanclares, IratiFernández Gámiz, UnaiBoyano, Anashake-the-box PIVlaminar separation bubbleexperimental fluid mechanicstransitional flowThis study investigates the behaviour of the laminar separation bubble (LSB) that forms on the suction side of an SD7003 airfoil under low Reynolds number conditions. A wide parametric range was explored, with three-dimensional flow measurements obtained using the double-pulse Shake-The-Box technique across Reynolds numbers from 30,000 to 80,000 and angles of attack between 4° and 12°. The main features of the LSB — including separation, transition, and reattachment points — were characterized and found to depend more strongly on the angle of attack than on the Reynolds number. Bubble length and thickness generally decreased with increasing Reynolds number and angle of attack, although adverse pressure gradients at high angles and low Reynolds numbers led to local increases. Transition and reattachment are observed to be closely associated with the development of Kelvin–Helmholtz (K–H) instabilities within the separated shear layer, which are accompanied by increased momentum exchange and flow recovery. The study also visualizes three-dimensional vortex structures, including roller-like formations and arch-like -structures. These vortices were consistently observed across all tested conditions, and their spatial organization was captured in detail through volumetric measurements. The results provide insight into the dynamics of LSBs and contribute experimental data to improve understanding of laminar–turbulent transition in low-Reynolds-number flows.This research was supported by the Government of the Basque Country through the Elkartek projects KK-2024/00069, KK-2024/00117 and ELKARTEK25/28 (DBaskIN), and by CIEMAT under the project “Energía eólica offshore para el ensayo y el desarrollo energético de energías renovables e hidrógeno verde”. The work of U. Fernández-Gámiz was partially supported by the Government of the Basque Country through the ITSAS-REM project (IT1514-22).Elsevier202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/79459reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142727X2600189Xinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/© 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY licenseoai:dnet:addi________::52f7a2e235b0880da0469274d54fbc002026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
title Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
spellingShingle Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
Parra Esparza, Yeray
shake-the-box PIV
laminar separation bubble
experimental fluid mechanics
transitional flow
title_short Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
title_full Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
title_fullStr Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
title_full_unstemmed Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
title_sort Shake-The-Box measurements of a laminar separation bubble on a SD7003 airfoil at low Reynolds number
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Parra Esparza, Yeray
Uralde Guinea, Xabier
Uriarte Perez de Nanclares, Irati
Fernández Gámiz, Unai
Boyano, Ana
author Parra Esparza, Yeray
author_facet Parra Esparza, Yeray
Uralde Guinea, Xabier
Uriarte Perez de Nanclares, Irati
Fernández Gámiz, Unai
Boyano, Ana
author_role author
author2 Uralde Guinea, Xabier
Uriarte Perez de Nanclares, Irati
Fernández Gámiz, Unai
Boyano, Ana
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv shake-the-box PIV
laminar separation bubble
experimental fluid mechanics
transitional flow
topic shake-the-box PIV
laminar separation bubble
experimental fluid mechanics
transitional flow
description This study investigates the behaviour of the laminar separation bubble (LSB) that forms on the suction side of an SD7003 airfoil under low Reynolds number conditions. A wide parametric range was explored, with three-dimensional flow measurements obtained using the double-pulse Shake-The-Box technique across Reynolds numbers from 30,000 to 80,000 and angles of attack between 4° and 12°. The main features of the LSB — including separation, transition, and reattachment points — were characterized and found to depend more strongly on the angle of attack than on the Reynolds number. Bubble length and thickness generally decreased with increasing Reynolds number and angle of attack, although adverse pressure gradients at high angles and low Reynolds numbers led to local increases. Transition and reattachment are observed to be closely associated with the development of Kelvin–Helmholtz (K–H) instabilities within the separated shear layer, which are accompanied by increased momentum exchange and flow recovery. The study also visualizes three-dimensional vortex structures, including roller-like formations and arch-like -structures. These vortices were consistently observed across all tested conditions, and their spatial organization was captured in detail through volumetric measurements. The results provide insight into the dynamics of LSBs and contribute experimental data to improve understanding of laminar–turbulent transition in low-Reynolds-number flows.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/79459
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/79459
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142727X2600189X
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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