Ultrasound-guided ethanol sclerotherapy versus laparoscopic surgery for endometriomas: a randomized clinical trial in a real-world setting

Purpose To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided alcohol sclerotherapy versus laparoscopic cystectomy for the management of ovarian endometriomas, focusing on complications, recurrence, pain relief, and healthcare costs. Methods We conducted a multicentre, randomized clinical trial across 20 cen...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: García-Tejedor, A, Guevara-Peralta, R, Martinez-Garcia, JM, Corbalán, S, Agüero, M, Gomez-Romero, M, Cararach, M, Castellarnau, M, Rodríguez, M, Lou-Mercadé, AC, Costa, L, Rodríguez, MJ, Huguet, E, Carreras, M, Castel-Segui, AB, Font-Roig, M, Royo, S, Sarasa, N, Candas, B, Perez-Carton, S, Ortega, C, Pla, MJ, Ponce, J
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT)
Repositorio:r-I3PT. Repositorio Institucional Producción Científica del Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí
OAI Identifier:oai:i3pt.fundanetsuite.com:p6677
Acceso en línea:https://i3pt.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/6677
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Endometrioma
Infertility
Cystectomy
Sclerotherapy
Recurrences
Pain
Ultrasound-guided aspiration
Surgery
Descripción
Sumario:Purpose To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided alcohol sclerotherapy versus laparoscopic cystectomy for the management of ovarian endometriomas, focusing on complications, recurrence, pain relief, and healthcare costs. Methods We conducted a multicentre, randomized clinical trial across 20 centers in Spain. A total of 167 women aged 18-40 years with ovarian endometriomas (35-100 mm) were recruited between June 2018 and June 2022. Participants were randomized to receive either ultrasound-guided aspiration with ethanol sclerotherapy or standard laparoscopic cystectomy. Complications were graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) before and six months after treatment. Recurrence was defined as the reappearance of a cystic lesion at the treated site and analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. The primary analysis followed an intention-to-treat approach and included 158 patients (sclerotherapy: n = 84; cystectomy: n = 74). The per-protocol analysis included 92 patients (sclerotherapy: n = 57; cystectomy: n = 37). Direct hospital costs, complication rates, recurrence, and pain relief were compared between groups. Results Intention-to-treat analyses show that complications were low in both groups (12%), most of which were Grade I-II, although 4.1% were Grade III in the surgery group. The cost of sclerotherapy was significantly lower (<euro>472 vs. <euro>2128, p < 0.001). In per-protocol analyses, the cyst recurrence or reappearance was similar between the two groups, with rates of 25.7% (9 of 35) in the surgery group and 22.8% (13 of 57) in the sclerotherapy group (p = 0.16). Pain was improved or completely resolved in 49 of 55 cases (89.1%) in the sclerotherapy group and in 21 of 32 cases (65.7%) in the laparoscopic surgery group (p = 0.05). Conclusions Ultrasound-guided alcohol sclerotherapy is a safe, cost-effective alternative to laparoscopic cystectomy for the treatment of endometriomas, with comparable recurrence rates and pain relief. Clinical Trial Registration: https:// clinicaltr ials.gov/search?term=NCT03571776. Registered May 5, 2018.