Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer

The present work proposes to investigate the effect of an ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber (UHMW-SR) and two ethylene methyl acrylate copolymers (EMA) with different methyl acrylate (MA) content on the mechanical and fire performance of a fireproof acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer...

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Autores: Ghonjizadehsamani, Farnaz|||0000-0002-3720-6374, Haurie Ibarra, Laia|||0000-0002-0732-8928, Malet, Ramon, Redondo Realinho, Vera Cristina de|||0000-0001-9919-9782
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/410597
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/410597
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16070923
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Polymers
ABS
Flame retardants
Mechanical–thermal dynamic behavior
Impact strength
Thermal stability
Flammability
Polímers
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spelling Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymerGhonjizadehsamani, Farnaz|||0000-0002-3720-6374Haurie Ibarra, Laia|||0000-0002-0732-8928Malet, RamonRedondo Realinho, Vera Cristina de|||0000-0001-9919-9782PolymersABSFlame retardantsMechanical–thermal dynamic behaviorImpact strengthThermal stabilityFlammabilityPolímersThe present work proposes to investigate the effect of an ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber (UHMW-SR) and two ethylene methyl acrylate copolymers (EMA) with different methyl acrylate (MA) content on the mechanical and fire performance of a fireproof acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS) composite, with an optimum amount of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi). ABS formulations with a global flame retardant weight content of 20 wt.% (ABS P) were melt-compounded, with and without EMA and UHMW-SR, in a Brabender mixer. During this batch process, ABS P formulations with UHMW-SR and/or EMA registered lower torque values than those of ABS P. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was possible to observe that all ABS composites exhibited a homogenous structure without phase separation or particle agglomeration. Slightly improved interfacial interaction between the well-dispersed flame-retardant particles in the presence of EMA and/or UHMW-SR was also noticed. Furthermore, synergies in mechanical properties by adding both EMA and UHMW-SR into ABS P were ascertained. An enhancement of molecular mobility that contributed to the softening of ABS P was observed under dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). An improvement of its flexibility, ductility and toughness were also registered under three-point-bending trials, and even more remarkable synergies were noticed in Charpy notched impact strength. Particularly, a 212% increase was achieved when 5 wt.% of EMA with 29 wt.% of MA and 2 wt.% of UHMW-SR in ABS P (ABS E29 S P) were added. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the presence of EMA copolymers in ABS P formulations did not interfere with its thermal decomposition, whereas UHMW-SR presence decreased its thermal stability at the beginning of the decomposition. Although the addition of EMA or UHMW-SR, as well as the combination of both in ABS P increased the pHRR in cone calorimetry, UL 94 V-0 classification was maintained for all flame-retarded ABS composites. In addition, through SEM analysis of cone calorimetry sample residue, a more cohesive surface char layer, with Si-O-C network formation confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), was shown in ABS P formulations with UHMW-SR.Peer ReviewedMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)20242024-03-2720242024-06-27journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/410597https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16070923reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/4105972026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
title Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
spellingShingle Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
Ghonjizadehsamani, Farnaz|||0000-0002-3720-6374
Polymers
ABS
Flame retardants
Mechanical–thermal dynamic behavior
Impact strength
Thermal stability
Flammability
Polímers
title_short Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
title_full Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
title_fullStr Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
title_full_unstemmed Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
title_sort Phosphorus-based flame-retardant acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer with enhanced mechanical properties by combining ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ghonjizadehsamani, Farnaz|||0000-0002-3720-6374
Haurie Ibarra, Laia|||0000-0002-0732-8928
Malet, Ramon
Redondo Realinho, Vera Cristina de|||0000-0001-9919-9782
author Ghonjizadehsamani, Farnaz|||0000-0002-3720-6374
author_facet Ghonjizadehsamani, Farnaz|||0000-0002-3720-6374
Haurie Ibarra, Laia|||0000-0002-0732-8928
Malet, Ramon
Redondo Realinho, Vera Cristina de|||0000-0001-9919-9782
author_role author
author2 Haurie Ibarra, Laia|||0000-0002-0732-8928
Malet, Ramon
Redondo Realinho, Vera Cristina de|||0000-0001-9919-9782
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Polymers
ABS
Flame retardants
Mechanical–thermal dynamic behavior
Impact strength
Thermal stability
Flammability
Polímers
topic Polymers
ABS
Flame retardants
Mechanical–thermal dynamic behavior
Impact strength
Thermal stability
Flammability
Polímers
description The present work proposes to investigate the effect of an ultrahigh molecular weight silicone rubber (UHMW-SR) and two ethylene methyl acrylate copolymers (EMA) with different methyl acrylate (MA) content on the mechanical and fire performance of a fireproof acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS) composite, with an optimum amount of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi). ABS formulations with a global flame retardant weight content of 20 wt.% (ABS P) were melt-compounded, with and without EMA and UHMW-SR, in a Brabender mixer. During this batch process, ABS P formulations with UHMW-SR and/or EMA registered lower torque values than those of ABS P. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was possible to observe that all ABS composites exhibited a homogenous structure without phase separation or particle agglomeration. Slightly improved interfacial interaction between the well-dispersed flame-retardant particles in the presence of EMA and/or UHMW-SR was also noticed. Furthermore, synergies in mechanical properties by adding both EMA and UHMW-SR into ABS P were ascertained. An enhancement of molecular mobility that contributed to the softening of ABS P was observed under dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). An improvement of its flexibility, ductility and toughness were also registered under three-point-bending trials, and even more remarkable synergies were noticed in Charpy notched impact strength. Particularly, a 212% increase was achieved when 5 wt.% of EMA with 29 wt.% of MA and 2 wt.% of UHMW-SR in ABS P (ABS E29 S P) were added. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the presence of EMA copolymers in ABS P formulations did not interfere with its thermal decomposition, whereas UHMW-SR presence decreased its thermal stability at the beginning of the decomposition. Although the addition of EMA or UHMW-SR, as well as the combination of both in ABS P increased the pHRR in cone calorimetry, UL 94 V-0 classification was maintained for all flame-retarded ABS composites. In addition, through SEM analysis of cone calorimetry sample residue, a more cohesive surface char layer, with Si-O-C network formation confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), was shown in ABS P formulations with UHMW-SR.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-03-27
2024
2024-06-27
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/410597
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16070923
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/410597
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16070923
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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