When survival becomes politics: Necessity activism and identity work under precarity

Collective action is essential for tackling social, institutional, and environmental challenges, often fueled by shared identities, common norms, and a belief in the possibility of change. However, the impact of participating in collective action on individual identities, and how this knowledge can...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Garcia-Lorenzo, Lucia, Sell Trujillo, Lucía, Donnelly, Paul
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/182831
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/182831
https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.70119
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Identity work
Liminality
Narratives
Necessity activism
Precarity
Social change
Descripción
Sumario:Collective action is essential for tackling social, institutional, and environmental challenges, often fueled by shared identities, common norms, and a belief in the possibility of change. However, the impact of participating in collective action on individual identities, and how this knowledge can shape future efforts to maintain engagement and promote positive change, remains underexplored. This study uses a liminal and identity work approach to examine how precarious Spanish activists, involved in long-term struggles against precarity, develop and negotiate their identities as activists through protest participation. Based on a qualitative study spanning over 9 years, this research focuses on the experiences of activists from two collectives in Seville, Spain, that emerged in response to the Great Recession. Our findings introduce the concept of necessity activism to describe political engagement driven by survival needs rather than ideological commitment. We show how activists facing precarity undergo a three-phase identity transformation: forced separation, intensive identity work, and varied outcomes including burnout, withdrawal, or adaptive reengagement. This process highlights the emotional and material costs of activism and the ongoing reconstruction of activist identities under the liminal conditions created by precarity.