Development and Characterization of Bioprintable Physiomimetic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
[eng] Tissue engineering is a field of study in which engineers use technology to mimic the structure of human tissue as closely as possible. The development of 3D tissue culture is a major area of research because cells behave differently in 3D microenvironments compared to 2D microenvironments. Na...
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| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universidad de Barcelona |
| Repositorio: | Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/222443 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222443 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/694915 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Bioenginyeria Materials biomèdics Impressió 3D Cultiu de teixits Bioengineering Biomedical materials Three-dimensional printing Tissue culture |
| Resumo: | [eng] Tissue engineering is a field of study in which engineers use technology to mimic the structure of human tissue as closely as possible. The development of 3D tissue culture is a major area of research because cells behave differently in 3D microenvironments compared to 2D microenvironments. Natural and synthetic polymers can be processed to be 3D printable and form hydrogels. Tissue decellularization is a commonly used method to isolate extracellular matrix (ECM). To create functional 3D tissues, cells need to be embedded in the ECM. The mechanics of the ECM can modulate physiological processes, so characterization of biomaterials for tissue-engineered scaffolds must be done at both macroscopic and microscopic scales. Bioprinting using additive manufacturing (3D printing) is a widely used method in biomedical research to create, replace, or regenerate damaged tissues. Different biomaterials or cell-laden solutions can be deposited layer by layer with precision using 3D bioprinting, which has opened the door to personalized medicine. Biocompatible synthetic materials are also available and have tunable properties, making them good candidates for use in 3D printing. In this thesis, we hypothesize that we can develop a hydrogel that mimics the mechanical properties of cardiac tissue using collagen type I (COL I) as the main component. Furthermore, this thesis hypothesizes that 3D printed synthetic composites are suitable for direct culture of stem cells on them, showing cell viability and osteocalcin markers after several days of culture. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to develop and characterize the mechanical properties of biomaterials for 3D bioprinting. To this end, a protocol for decellularization of porcine myocardium was developed for the development of ECM-derived hydrogels. In addition, a protocol for the addition of silkworm silk dissolved in COL I hydrogels was developed to modify the stiffness and printability of the scaffolds and to characterize the multi-scale mechanical properties. Finally, printable synthetic composites suitable for direct cell culture on their surfaces have been developed. |
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