Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial

Maximizing weed seed exposure to seed predators by delaying post-harvest tillage has been suggested as a way to increase weed seed loss to predation in arable fields. However, in some areas of northeastern Spain, fields are still tilled promptly after cereal harvest. Tillage usually places seeds in...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Baraibar Padró, Bàrbara, Canadell, Claudia, Torra Farré, Joel, Royo-Esnal, Aritz, Recasens i Guinjuan, Jordi
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:España
Institución:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Repositorio:Repositori Obert UdL
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/60138
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-16-00031.1
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/60138
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Background seed density
Crop seeds
Harvester ants
Seed preference
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spelling Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burialBaraibar Padró, BàrbaraCanadell, ClaudiaTorra Farré, JoelRoyo-Esnal, AritzRecasens i Guinjuan, JordiBackground seed densityCrop seedsHarvester antsSeed preferenceMaximizing weed seed exposure to seed predators by delaying post-harvest tillage has been suggested as a way to increase weed seed loss to predation in arable fields. However, in some areas of northeastern Spain, fields are still tilled promptly after cereal harvest. Tillage usually places seeds in a safer environment compared to the soil surface, but it can also increase seed mortality through seed decay and fatal germination. By burying the seeds, tillage also prevents weed seed predation. Weed seed fate in a tilled vs. a no-till environment was investigated during the summer fallow months in three cereal fields in semi-arid northeastern Spain. Rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw seeds were used. Predation rates were measured in a no-till area within each field in 48-h periods every 3 wk, and long-term predation rates were estimated. Fate of buried seeds was measured by burying 20 nylon bags with 30 seeds of each weed species from July to September at a depth of 6 cm in a tilled area contiguous to the no-till area. Predation rates over the entire summer were 62% and 49% for rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw, respectively. High availability of crop seeds (preferred by ants) on the soil surface may have decreased predation of weed seeds early in the season. Seed loss due to burial was 54% and 33% for rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw, respectively. Unusual above-average precipitation probably prompted higher than normal weed germination rates (fatal germination) in some fields, and thus led to higher seed mortality rates compared with an average year. These results suggest that leaving the fields untilled after harvest may be the optimum strategy to reduce inputs to the weed seedbank during the summer fallow period in semi-arid systems.We would like to thank the farmers, A. Pollino, M. Teres, and J. Balaguero, who allowed us to use their fields for this experiment. We also want to thank Eva Edo and Laia Mateu for their valuable help on the preparation of this experiment. Funding was provided by Generalitat de Catalunya, Ajuts per incentivar la recerca aplicada en matèria de producción agroalimentària ecològica (Ref: 2012 AGEC 00040).Weed Science Society of America2017info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-16-00031.1http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/60138reponame:Repositori Obert UdL instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)InglésVersió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-16-00031.1Weed Science, 2017, vol. 65, p. 515 – 524(c) Weed Science Society of America, 2017info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/601382026-06-24T12:42:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
title Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
spellingShingle Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
Baraibar Padró, Bàrbara
Background seed density
Crop seeds
Harvester ants
Seed preference
title_short Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
title_full Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
title_fullStr Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
title_full_unstemmed Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
title_sort Weed seed fate during summer fallow: The importance of seed predation and seed burial
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Baraibar Padró, Bàrbara
Canadell, Claudia
Torra Farré, Joel
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Recasens i Guinjuan, Jordi
author Baraibar Padró, Bàrbara
author_facet Baraibar Padró, Bàrbara
Canadell, Claudia
Torra Farré, Joel
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Recasens i Guinjuan, Jordi
author_role author
author2 Canadell, Claudia
Torra Farré, Joel
Royo-Esnal, Aritz
Recasens i Guinjuan, Jordi
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Background seed density
Crop seeds
Harvester ants
Seed preference
topic Background seed density
Crop seeds
Harvester ants
Seed preference
description Maximizing weed seed exposure to seed predators by delaying post-harvest tillage has been suggested as a way to increase weed seed loss to predation in arable fields. However, in some areas of northeastern Spain, fields are still tilled promptly after cereal harvest. Tillage usually places seeds in a safer environment compared to the soil surface, but it can also increase seed mortality through seed decay and fatal germination. By burying the seeds, tillage also prevents weed seed predation. Weed seed fate in a tilled vs. a no-till environment was investigated during the summer fallow months in three cereal fields in semi-arid northeastern Spain. Rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw seeds were used. Predation rates were measured in a no-till area within each field in 48-h periods every 3 wk, and long-term predation rates were estimated. Fate of buried seeds was measured by burying 20 nylon bags with 30 seeds of each weed species from July to September at a depth of 6 cm in a tilled area contiguous to the no-till area. Predation rates over the entire summer were 62% and 49% for rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw, respectively. High availability of crop seeds (preferred by ants) on the soil surface may have decreased predation of weed seeds early in the season. Seed loss due to burial was 54% and 33% for rigid ryegrass and catchweed bedstraw, respectively. Unusual above-average precipitation probably prompted higher than normal weed germination rates (fatal germination) in some fields, and thus led to higher seed mortality rates compared with an average year. These results suggest that leaving the fields untilled after harvest may be the optimum strategy to reduce inputs to the weed seedbank during the summer fallow period in semi-arid systems.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-16-00031.1
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/60138
url https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-16-00031.1
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/60138
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Versió postprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-16-00031.1
Weed Science, 2017, vol. 65, p. 515 – 524
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv (c) Weed Science Society of America, 2017
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv (c) Weed Science Society of America, 2017
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Weed Science Society of America
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Weed Science Society of America
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositori Obert UdL
instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
instname_str Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
reponame_str Repositori Obert UdL
collection Repositori Obert UdL
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.811543

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