International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus

Purpose: Tear fluid is a valuable biomarker source for diagnostics, monitoring, and screening thanks to its minimally invasive, inexpensive, and rapid collection. However, the lack of standardized reporting has hindered reproducibility in the field. To address these challenges, this study aimed to e...

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Autores: Schmeetz, J, van de Sande, N, Rojas-Carabali, W, Mergen, B, Bonnet, C, Boychev, N, Cifuentes-González, C, Kessal, K, Brignole-Baudouin, F, Asbell, P, Kilicaslan, NA, Lengyel, I, Ibanez, IC, Agrawal, R, Gijs, M
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)
Repositorio:r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:r-fisabio___::b0470ced355a40229ad1db4699e0cd47
Acceso en línea:https://fisabio.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20914
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Reporting guidelines
Tear fluid
Biomarkers
Delphi method
Reproducibility
Transparency
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spelling International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensusSchmeetz, Jvan de Sande, NRojas-Carabali, WMergen, BBonnet, CBoychev, NCifuentes-González, CKessal, KBrignole-Baudouin, FAsbell, PKilicaslan, NALengyel, IIbanez, ICAgrawal, RGijs, MReporting guidelinesTear fluidBiomarkersDelphi methodReproducibilityTransparencyPurpose: Tear fluid is a valuable biomarker source for diagnostics, monitoring, and screening thanks to its minimally invasive, inexpensive, and rapid collection. However, the lack of standardized reporting has hindered reproducibility in the field. To address these challenges, this study aimed to establish international consensus-based reporting guidelines tailored to tear fluid research. Methods: Using the Delphi methodology, the Tear Research Network engaged 74 international professionals to evaluate 35 proposed reporting statements. These statements covered essential aspects of tear fluid research, including terminology, collection, storage, pre-analytical processing, analysis, and data normalization. Professionals ranked their agreement on the need to include each of the statements based on a 5-point Likert scale (very unimportant-very important). Consensus was defined as >= 70 % agreement, and all ratings were collected and analyzed anonymously. Results: Consensus was achieved for 34 of the 35 proposed statements in the first Delphi round, reflecting a high level of agreement among professionals, with 26 of these statements reaching strong consensus at agreement levels of 90% or higher. The resulting guidelines provide detailed recommendations to standardize reporting, improve transparency, and enhance reproducibility in tear fluid studies. Conclusions: The TEAR-reporting guidelines (TEAR-RG) represent a significant step toward standardizing research practices in tear fluid studies. By addressing key methodological and reporting issues, these guidelines aim to improve the reproducibility and transparency of research in this rapidly evolving field. This work underscores the importance of standardized frameworks for advancing biomarker discovery and clinical applications in tear fluid research.ELSEVIER2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://fisabio.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20914Contact Lens & Anterior EyeISSN: 13670484ISSNe: 14765411reponame:r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científicainstname:Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:r-fisabio___::b0470ced355a40229ad1db4699e0cd472026-06-11T12:45:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
title International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
spellingShingle International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
Schmeetz, J
Reporting guidelines
Tear fluid
Biomarkers
Delphi method
Reproducibility
Transparency
title_short International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
title_full International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
title_fullStr International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
title_full_unstemmed International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
title_sort International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Schmeetz, J
van de Sande, N
Rojas-Carabali, W
Mergen, B
Bonnet, C
Boychev, N
Cifuentes-González, C
Kessal, K
Brignole-Baudouin, F
Asbell, P
Kilicaslan, NA
Lengyel, I
Ibanez, IC
Agrawal, R
Gijs, M
author Schmeetz, J
author_facet Schmeetz, J
van de Sande, N
Rojas-Carabali, W
Mergen, B
Bonnet, C
Boychev, N
Cifuentes-González, C
Kessal, K
Brignole-Baudouin, F
Asbell, P
Kilicaslan, NA
Lengyel, I
Ibanez, IC
Agrawal, R
Gijs, M
author_role author
author2 van de Sande, N
Rojas-Carabali, W
Mergen, B
Bonnet, C
Boychev, N
Cifuentes-González, C
Kessal, K
Brignole-Baudouin, F
Asbell, P
Kilicaslan, NA
Lengyel, I
Ibanez, IC
Agrawal, R
Gijs, M
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Reporting guidelines
Tear fluid
Biomarkers
Delphi method
Reproducibility
Transparency
topic Reporting guidelines
Tear fluid
Biomarkers
Delphi method
Reproducibility
Transparency
description Purpose: Tear fluid is a valuable biomarker source for diagnostics, monitoring, and screening thanks to its minimally invasive, inexpensive, and rapid collection. However, the lack of standardized reporting has hindered reproducibility in the field. To address these challenges, this study aimed to establish international consensus-based reporting guidelines tailored to tear fluid research. Methods: Using the Delphi methodology, the Tear Research Network engaged 74 international professionals to evaluate 35 proposed reporting statements. These statements covered essential aspects of tear fluid research, including terminology, collection, storage, pre-analytical processing, analysis, and data normalization. Professionals ranked their agreement on the need to include each of the statements based on a 5-point Likert scale (very unimportant-very important). Consensus was defined as >= 70 % agreement, and all ratings were collected and analyzed anonymously. Results: Consensus was achieved for 34 of the 35 proposed statements in the first Delphi round, reflecting a high level of agreement among professionals, with 26 of these statements reaching strong consensus at agreement levels of 90% or higher. The resulting guidelines provide detailed recommendations to standardize reporting, improve transparency, and enhance reproducibility in tear fluid studies. Conclusions: The TEAR-reporting guidelines (TEAR-RG) represent a significant step toward standardizing research practices in tear fluid studies. By addressing key methodological and reporting issues, these guidelines aim to improve the reproducibility and transparency of research in this rapidly evolving field. This work underscores the importance of standardized frameworks for advancing biomarker discovery and clinical applications in tear fluid research.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://fisabio.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20914
url https://fisabio.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20914
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv ELSEVIER
publisher.none.fl_str_mv ELSEVIER
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Contact Lens & Anterior Eye
ISSN: 13670484
ISSNe: 14765411
reponame:r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica
instname:Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)
instname_str Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)
reponame_str r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica
collection r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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