Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults

Background: Previous studies have identified several determinants of multimorbidity, but social factors remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the association between social and lifestyle factors and the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older population from the United Ki...

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Autores: González Beltrán, Damián, Yévenes Briones, Humberto Alejandro, Vázquez Fernández, Aitana, Lana, Alberto, López García, Esther, Caballero Díaz, Francisco Félix
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:biblosearchi::c306db72a30fd955b4719b48658a8b70
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/756840
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2026.106212
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Multimorbidity
Social factors
Lifestyle behaviours
Middle-aged
Older adults
Medicina
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spelling Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adultsGonzález Beltrán, DamiánYévenes Briones, Humberto AlejandroVázquez Fernández, AitanaLana, AlbertoLópez García, EstherCaballero Díaz, Francisco FélixMultimorbiditySocial factorsLifestyle behavioursMiddle-agedMiddle-agedOlder adultsMedicinaBackground: Previous studies have identified several determinants of multimorbidity, but social factors remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the association between social and lifestyle factors and the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older population from the United Kingdom. Methods: This prospective study uses data from the UK Biobank cohort, comprising 407,115 participants with multimorbidity free at baseline, recruited from 2006 to 2010 and followed up until May 31, 2022. Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic diseases. Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to analyse the association between social and lifestyle factors and the risk of developing multimorbidity, adjusting for sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics. Results: A total of 33,794 participants developed multimorbidity during a median follow-up of 13.2 years. The baseline mean age was 56.2 years (SD = 8.08), and 54.6 % of participants were women. In the fully adjusted models, loneliness (HR = 1.30; 95 % CI = 1.25–1.36), social isolation (HR = 1.15; 95 % CI = 1.11–1.19), previous (HR = 1.25; 95 % CI = 1.22–1.28) and current smokers (HR = 2.10; 95 % CI = 2.04–2.17), non-optimal sleep duration (HR = 1.23; 95 % CI = 1.20–1.26), high sedentary lifestyle (HR = 1.22; 95 % CI = 1.19–1.25), and high meat intake (HR = 1.09; 95 % CI = 1.06–1.11) were associated with an increased risk of incident multimorbidity. Conclusion: Loneliness, social isolation and lifestyle factors contribute to the risk of developing multimorbidity. This study emphasizes the importance of adopting a comprehensive approach that considers social and lifestyle factors as a primary predictor of multimorbidityThis work has been also supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the FIS projects 20/1040 and 23/272 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, State Secretary of R + D + I), and co-funded by a European Regional Development Fund, “A way of shaping Europe.”ElsevierDepartamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y MicrobiologíaFacultad de MedicinaGobierno de España20262026-03-10research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/10486/756840https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2026.106212reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMinstname:Universidad Autónoma de MadridInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:biblosearchi::c306db72a30fd955b4719b48658a8b702026-06-23T12:46:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
title Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
spellingShingle Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
González Beltrán, Damián
Multimorbidity
Social factors
Lifestyle behaviours
Middle-aged
Middle-aged
Older adults
Medicina
title_short Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
title_full Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
title_fullStr Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
title_full_unstemmed Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
title_sort Social and lifestyle factors associated with the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv González Beltrán, Damián
Yévenes Briones, Humberto Alejandro
Vázquez Fernández, Aitana
Lana, Alberto
López García, Esther
Caballero Díaz, Francisco Félix
author González Beltrán, Damián
author_facet González Beltrán, Damián
Yévenes Briones, Humberto Alejandro
Vázquez Fernández, Aitana
Lana, Alberto
López García, Esther
Caballero Díaz, Francisco Félix
author_role author
author2 Yévenes Briones, Humberto Alejandro
Vázquez Fernández, Aitana
Lana, Alberto
López García, Esther
Caballero Díaz, Francisco Félix
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología
Facultad de Medicina
Gobierno de España
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Multimorbidity
Social factors
Lifestyle behaviours
Middle-aged
Middle-aged
Older adults
Medicina
topic Multimorbidity
Social factors
Lifestyle behaviours
Middle-aged
Middle-aged
Older adults
Medicina
description Background: Previous studies have identified several determinants of multimorbidity, but social factors remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the association between social and lifestyle factors and the risk of developing multimorbidity in middle-aged and older population from the United Kingdom. Methods: This prospective study uses data from the UK Biobank cohort, comprising 407,115 participants with multimorbidity free at baseline, recruited from 2006 to 2010 and followed up until May 31, 2022. Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic diseases. Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to analyse the association between social and lifestyle factors and the risk of developing multimorbidity, adjusting for sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics. Results: A total of 33,794 participants developed multimorbidity during a median follow-up of 13.2 years. The baseline mean age was 56.2 years (SD = 8.08), and 54.6 % of participants were women. In the fully adjusted models, loneliness (HR = 1.30; 95 % CI = 1.25–1.36), social isolation (HR = 1.15; 95 % CI = 1.11–1.19), previous (HR = 1.25; 95 % CI = 1.22–1.28) and current smokers (HR = 2.10; 95 % CI = 2.04–2.17), non-optimal sleep duration (HR = 1.23; 95 % CI = 1.20–1.26), high sedentary lifestyle (HR = 1.22; 95 % CI = 1.19–1.25), and high meat intake (HR = 1.09; 95 % CI = 1.06–1.11) were associated with an increased risk of incident multimorbidity. Conclusion: Loneliness, social isolation and lifestyle factors contribute to the risk of developing multimorbidity. This study emphasizes the importance of adopting a comprehensive approach that considers social and lifestyle factors as a primary predictor of multimorbidity
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-03-10
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10486/756840
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2026.106212
url https://hdl.handle.net/10486/756840
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2026.106212
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
instname:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
instname_str Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
reponame_str Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
collection Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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