Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium

Despite the centrality of staple grains for human well-being, both as a source of nutrients and of toxic ions, there is little understanding of where and how elements vary, and if there are particular elements that correlate. Here, for shop bought polished (white) rice, we comprehensively characteri...

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Authors: Meharg, Andrew A., Meharg, Caroline, Carey, Manus, Williams, Paul Nicholas, Shi, Zhengyu, Campbell, Katrina, Elliott, Christopher, Marwa, Ernest, Jiujin, Xiao, Farias, Júlia Gomes, Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira, De Silva, P. Mangala C.S., Lu, Ying, Green, Andy J., Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo, Carbonell Barrachina, Ángel Antonio, Sommella, Alessia, Pigna, Massimo, Brabet, Catherine, Montet, Didier, Hossain, Mahmud, Islam, M. Rafiqul
Format: article
Publication Date:2022
Country:España
Institution:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repository:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/715084
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10486/715084
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12403-022-00504-1
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Arsenic
cadmium
mineral nutrition
rice
Química
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oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/715084
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
title Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
spellingShingle Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
Meharg, Andrew A.
Arsenic
cadmium
mineral nutrition
rice
Química
title_short Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
title_full Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
title_fullStr Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
title_full_unstemmed Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
title_sort Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with Cadmium
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Meharg, Andrew A.
Meharg, Caroline
Carey, Manus
Williams, Paul Nicholas
Shi, Zhengyu
Campbell, Katrina
Elliott, Christopher
Marwa, Ernest
Jiujin, Xiao
Farias, Júlia Gomes
Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira
De Silva, P. Mangala C.S.
Lu, Ying
Green, Andy J.
Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo
Carbonell Barrachina, Ángel Antonio
Sommella, Alessia
Pigna, Massimo
Brabet, Catherine
Montet, Didier
Hossain, Mahmud
Islam, M. Rafiqul
author Meharg, Andrew A.
author_facet Meharg, Andrew A.
Meharg, Caroline
Carey, Manus
Williams, Paul Nicholas
Shi, Zhengyu
Campbell, Katrina
Elliott, Christopher
Marwa, Ernest
Jiujin, Xiao
Farias, Júlia Gomes
Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira
De Silva, P. Mangala C.S.
Lu, Ying
Green, Andy J.
Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo
Carbonell Barrachina, Ángel Antonio
Sommella, Alessia
Pigna, Massimo
Brabet, Catherine
Montet, Didier
Hossain, Mahmud
Islam, M. Rafiqul
author_role author
author2 Meharg, Caroline
Carey, Manus
Williams, Paul Nicholas
Shi, Zhengyu
Campbell, Katrina
Elliott, Christopher
Marwa, Ernest
Jiujin, Xiao
Farias, Júlia Gomes
Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira
De Silva, P. Mangala C.S.
Lu, Ying
Green, Andy J.
Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo
Carbonell Barrachina, Ángel Antonio
Sommella, Alessia
Pigna, Massimo
Brabet, Catherine
Montet, Didier
Hossain, Mahmud
Islam, M. Rafiqul
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Química Agrícola y Bromatología
Facultad de Ciencias
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Arsenic
cadmium
mineral nutrition
rice
Química
topic Arsenic
cadmium
mineral nutrition
rice
Química
description Despite the centrality of staple grains for human well-being, both as a source of nutrients and of toxic ions, there is little understanding of where and how elements vary, and if there are particular elements that correlate. Here, for shop bought polished (white) rice, we comprehensively characterized trace (arsenic species, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, rubidium and zinc) and macro-nutrients (calcium, chlorine, potassium, phosphorus and sulphur) for grain purchased in 18 countries, across four continents, a total of 1045 samples. This was to investigate if there were any major differences between geographic location and elemental content, and to observe if there were any patterns in elemental distribution. Greatest variation in the median was observed for the non-essential rubidium (15-fold) and arsenic species (fivefold). Rubidium was the highest in the Americas, lowest in Europe, while inorganic arsenic (iAs) and dimethylarsonic acid (DMA) were low for Africa and high in the South American and European continents. The highest concentrations of cadmium were found in Asian samples, and lowest in South America, with variation within these regions. At the extremes of individual counties, China had fivefold higher concentrations than the global median, while Tanzania was fourfold lower than this value. Calcium, potassium, molybdenum and phosphorus were the highest in European and lowest in African grain, though the fold-differences were relatively low, ~ 0.2, while iron was the highest in African grain and lowest in European, Asian and South American grain, with a ~ twofold difference. Selenium was also higher in Africa versus other regions, and copper, manganese and zinc were the highest in American grain. Factor analysis showed that copper, cadmium, molybdenum, rubidium and selenium were strongly associated together, and these element’s factor loadings were diametrically opposed to less tightly associated calcium, chlorine, manganese, potassium, phosphorus and sulphur. Stepwise additions linear region analysis was performed on log-transformed concentrations to investigate cadmium associations in more detail. Selenium was the greatest predictor of cadmium concentration, followed by molybdenum, accounting for over 50% of the contribution to the adjusted R2. Arsenic species were only weakly correlated with other elements. The implications for these findings with respect to dietary nutrition are discussed. Vietnamese rice was notable in being deficient in macro- and micro-nutrients while also being elevated in cadmium at a median of 0.02 mg/kg, with China though still having a median that is ~ 2.5-fold this concentration. These Chinese concentrations are of particular concern as the 75th percentile for China is 0.1 mg/kg, a value that triggers regulatory action for rice products
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022-09-22
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10486/715084
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12403-022-00504-1
url http://hdl.handle.net/10486/715084
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12403-022-00504-1
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
instname:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
instname_str Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
reponame_str Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
collection Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Global Geographical Variation in Elemental and Arsenic Species Concentration in Paddy Rice Grain Identifies a Close Association of Essential Elements Copper, Selenium and Molybdenum with CadmiumMeharg, Andrew A.Meharg, CarolineCarey, ManusWilliams, Paul NicholasShi, ZhengyuCampbell, KatrinaElliott, ChristopherMarwa, ErnestJiujin, XiaoFarias, Júlia GomesNicoloso, Fernando TeixeiraDe Silva, P. Mangala C.S.Lu, YingGreen, Andy J.Moreno Jiménez, EduardoCarbonell Barrachina, Ángel AntonioSommella, AlessiaPigna, MassimoBrabet, CatherineMontet, DidierHossain, MahmudIslam, M. RafiqulArseniccadmiummineral nutritionriceQuímicaDespite the centrality of staple grains for human well-being, both as a source of nutrients and of toxic ions, there is little understanding of where and how elements vary, and if there are particular elements that correlate. Here, for shop bought polished (white) rice, we comprehensively characterized trace (arsenic species, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, rubidium and zinc) and macro-nutrients (calcium, chlorine, potassium, phosphorus and sulphur) for grain purchased in 18 countries, across four continents, a total of 1045 samples. This was to investigate if there were any major differences between geographic location and elemental content, and to observe if there were any patterns in elemental distribution. Greatest variation in the median was observed for the non-essential rubidium (15-fold) and arsenic species (fivefold). Rubidium was the highest in the Americas, lowest in Europe, while inorganic arsenic (iAs) and dimethylarsonic acid (DMA) were low for Africa and high in the South American and European continents. The highest concentrations of cadmium were found in Asian samples, and lowest in South America, with variation within these regions. At the extremes of individual counties, China had fivefold higher concentrations than the global median, while Tanzania was fourfold lower than this value. Calcium, potassium, molybdenum and phosphorus were the highest in European and lowest in African grain, though the fold-differences were relatively low, ~ 0.2, while iron was the highest in African grain and lowest in European, Asian and South American grain, with a ~ twofold difference. Selenium was also higher in Africa versus other regions, and copper, manganese and zinc were the highest in American grain. Factor analysis showed that copper, cadmium, molybdenum, rubidium and selenium were strongly associated together, and these element’s factor loadings were diametrically opposed to less tightly associated calcium, chlorine, manganese, potassium, phosphorus and sulphur. Stepwise additions linear region analysis was performed on log-transformed concentrations to investigate cadmium associations in more detail. Selenium was the greatest predictor of cadmium concentration, followed by molybdenum, accounting for over 50% of the contribution to the adjusted R2. Arsenic species were only weakly correlated with other elements. The implications for these findings with respect to dietary nutrition are discussed. Vietnamese rice was notable in being deficient in macro- and micro-nutrients while also being elevated in cadmium at a median of 0.02 mg/kg, with China though still having a median that is ~ 2.5-fold this concentration. These Chinese concentrations are of particular concern as the 75th percentile for China is 0.1 mg/kg, a value that triggers regulatory action for rice productsThe authors have not disclosed any fundingSpringer Science and Business Media B.V.Departamento de Química Agrícola y BromatologíaFacultad de Ciencias20222022-09-22research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10486/715084https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12403-022-00504-1reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMinstname:Universidad Autónoma de MadridInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/7150842026-06-23T12:46:27Z
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